Exam question 1 · The hospital ward, operations and anaesthetic

Identify the principal reason for which patients are required to abstain from food prior to a general anaesthetic.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify, require, abstain · To what, where: principal reason, patients, food

This is exam question 1 of lesson 28 «The hospital ward, operations and anaesthetic» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 required	obl
7	patients	patient	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 required	nsubj:pass
8	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 required	aux:pass
9	required	require	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 reason	acl:relcl
10	to	to	PART	_	11 abstain	mark
11	abstain	abstain	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 required	xcomp
12	from	from	ADP	_	13 food	case
13	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 abstain	obl
14	prior	prior	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	18 anaesthetic	case
15	to	to	ADP	_	14 prior	fixed
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 anaesthetic	det
17	general	general	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 anaesthetic	amod
18	anaesthetic	anaesthetic	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 abstain	obl
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason			vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	require	present · passive		patients		for the principal reason	vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic
3	abstain	to-infinitive			food	prior a general anaesthetic	vn refrain-69 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent from food=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

To render the anaesthetic more palatable

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 render	mark
2	render	render	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 anaesthetic	det
4	anaesthetic	anaesthetic	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 render	obj
5	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	6 palatable	advmod
6	palatable	palatable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 render	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	render	to-infinitive		the anaesthetic				palatable property	vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anaesthetic=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

To prevent the contents of the stomach from entering the lungs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 prevent	mark
2	prevent	prevent	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 contents	det
4	contents	contents	NOUN	Number=Ptan	2 prevent	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 stomach	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 stomach	det
7	stomach	stomach	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 contents	nmod
8	from	from	SCONJ	_	9 entering	mark
9	entering	enter	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 prevent	advcl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 lungs	det
11	lungs	lung	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 entering	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prevent	to-infinitive		the contents of the stomach					vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer contents=Theme
2	enter	gerund		the lungs					vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme lung=Destination

Option 3

To accelerate the healing of the wound

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 accelerate	mark
2	accelerate	accelerate	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 healing	det
4	healing	healing	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 accelerate	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 wound	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 wound	det
7	wound	wound	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 healing	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	accelerate	to-infinitive		the healing of the wound					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent healing=Patient
2	heal		the wound						nom healing «process intransitive»: of=agent

Option 4

To reduce the cost of hospital catering

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 reduce	mark
2	reduce	reduce	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 cost	det
4	cost	cost	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 reduce	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 catering	case
6	hospital	hospital	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 catering	compound
7	catering	catering	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cost	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reduce	to-infinitive		the cost of hospital catering					vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer cost=Patient
2	cost			hospital catering					nom cost «possession transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/28-the-hospital-ward-operations-and-anaesthetic/e1/