Exam question 3 · Sprains, strains and bruises

State the principal cause of the discoloration of a bruise.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: cause · To what, where: discoloration

This is exam question 3 of lesson 3 «Sprains, strains and bruises» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	State	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cause	nsubj
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 cause	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 cause	amod
4	cause	cause	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 discoloration	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 discoloration	det
7	discoloration	discoloration	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cause	nmod
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 bruise	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 bruise	det
10	bruise	bruise	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 discoloration	nmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 cause	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause			the discoloration of a bruise					nom cause «event transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Blood escaped from minute vessels beneath the skin

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 escaped	nsubj
2	escaped	escape	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	5 vessels	case
4	minute	minute	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 vessels	compound
5	vessels	vessel	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 escaped	obl
6	beneath	beneath	ADP	_	8 skin	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 skin	det
8	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 escaped	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	escape	past	Blood			minute vessels		beneath the skin	vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from vessel=Initial_Location

Option 2

Infection of the superficial layers of the skin

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Infection	infection	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 layers	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 layers	det
4	superficial	superficial	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 layers	amod
5	layers	layer	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Infection	nmod
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 skin	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 skin	det
8	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 layers	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	infect			the superficial layers of the skin					nom infection «state transitive»: of=patient

Option 3

Displacement of the underlying bone

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Displacement	displacement	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 bone	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 bone	det
4	underlying	underlying	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 bone	amod
5	bone	bone	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Displacement	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

Pigment transferred to the skin from clothing

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pigment	pigment	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	transferred	transfer	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Pigment	acl
3	to	to	ADP	_	5 skin	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 skin	det
5	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 transferred	obl
6	from	from	ADP	_	7 clothing	case
7	clothing	clothing	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 transferred	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	transfer	participle		Pigment not said here		clothing		to the skin	vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent to skin=Destination from clothing=Initial_Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/medicine/3-sprains-strains-and-bruises/e3/