Exam question 1 · Cuts, grazes, stitches and splinters

Identify the principal measure for the arrest of bleeding from a cut.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, arrest · What happens: identify, bleed · To what, where: principal measure, cut

This is exam question 1 of lesson 4 «Cuts, grazes, stitches and splinters» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 measure	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 measure	amod
4	measure	measure	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 arrest	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 arrest	det
7	arrest	arrest	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obl
8	of	of	SCONJ	_	9 bleeding	mark
9	bleeding	bleed	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 arrest	acl
10	from	from	ADP	_	12 cut	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 cut	det
12	cut	cut	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 bleeding	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal measure				for the arrest	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent measure=Theme
2	bleed	gerund	the arrest not said here			a cut			vn substance_emission-43.4-1-1 «NP.theme V PP.source»: agent=Theme from cut=Source

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Unimpeded bleeding until spontaneous cessation

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Unimpeded	unimpeded	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 bleeding	amod
2	bleeding	bleeding	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	until	until	ADP	_	5 cessation	case
4	spontaneous	spontaneous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 cessation	amod
5	cessation	cessation	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 bleeding	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

Repeated removal of the dressing to inspect the wound

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Repeated	repeat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 removal	amod
2	removal	removal	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 dressing	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 dressing	det
5	dressing	dressing	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 removal	nmod
6	to	to	PART	_	7 inspect	mark
7	inspect	inspect	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 removal	acl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 wound	det
9	wound	wound	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 inspect	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	roles by
1	repeat	participle		vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
2	inspect	to-infinitive	the wound	vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wound=Theme
3	remove		the dressing	nom removal «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 3

Application of hot water to the wound for some minutes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Application	application	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 water	case
3	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 water	amod
4	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Application	nmod
5	to	to	ADP	_	7 wound	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 wound	det
7	wound	wound	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Application	nmod
8	for	for	ADP	_	10 minutes	case
9	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	10 minutes	det
10	minutes	minute	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Application	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	apply		hot water					to the wound; for some minutes	nom application «act intransitive»: of=agent to=obl for=obl

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Firm and sustained pressure applied with a clean cloth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Firm	firm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 pressure	amod
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 pressure	cc
3	sustained	sustain	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 pressure	amod
4	pressure	pressure	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	applied	apply	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 pressure	acl
6	with	with	ADP	_	9 cloth	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 cloth	det
8	clean	clean	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 cloth	amod
9	cloth	cloth	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 applied	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sustain	participle							vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent
2	apply	participle		Firm sustained pressure not said here				with a clean cloth	vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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