Exam question 4 · Water, fizzy drinks and sports drinks

Ascertain the significance of dark yellow urine following exercise.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, dark yellow urine · What happens: ascertain, follow · To what, where: significance, exercise

This is exam question 4 of lesson 51 «Water, fizzy drinks and sports drinks» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 significance	det
3	significance	significance	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	7 urine	case
5	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 urine	amod
6	yellow	yellow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 urine	amod
7	urine	urine	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 significance	nmod
8	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 urine	acl
9	exercise	exercise	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 following	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the significance of dark yellow urine					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent significance=Topic
2	follow	gerund	dark yellow urine not said here	exercise					vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent exercise=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It indicates a fracture of the bone

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 indicates	nsubj
2	indicates	indicate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 fracture	det
4	fracture	fracture	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 indicates	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 bone	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 bone	det
7	bone	bone	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 fracture	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	indicate	present	It	a fracture of the bone					vn indicate-78-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot fracture=Topic
2	fracture			the bone					nom fracture «state transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

It is of no significance whatsoever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 significance	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 significance	cop
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 significance	case
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 significance	det
5	significance	significance	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	_	5 significance	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					of no significance; whatsoever property	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It frequently indicates the need for additional water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 indicates	nsubj
2	frequently	frequently	ADV	_	3 indicates	advmod
3	indicates	indicate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 need	det
5	need	need	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 indicates	obj
6	for	for	ADP	_	8 water	case
7	additional	additional	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 water	amod
8	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 need	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	indicate	present	It	the need				for additional water; frequently property	vn indicate-78-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot need=Topic

Option 4

It indicates excessive consumption of water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 indicates	nsubj
2	indicates	indicate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	excessive	excessive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 consumption	amod
4	consumption	consumption	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 indicates	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 water	case
6	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 consumption	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	indicate	present	It	excessive consumption of water					vn indicate-78-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot consumption=Topic
2	consume			water					nom consumption «act transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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