Exam question 2 · Dares: cliffs, roofs, tombstoning, railways and saying no

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the third rail upon certain railway lines in the south of England?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: third rail

This is exam question 2 of lesson 75 «Dares: cliffs, roofs, tombstoning, railways and saying no» of the medicine course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 rail	det
10	third	third	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	11 rail	amod
11	rail	rail	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
12	upon	upon	ADP	_	15 lines	case
13	certain	certain	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 lines	amod
14	railway	railway	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 lines	compound
15	lines	line	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 rail	nmod
16	in	in	ADP	_	18 south	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 south	det
18	south	south	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 lines	nmod
19	of	of	ADP	_	20 England	case
20	England	England	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 south	nmod
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the third rail				of the following statements; upon certain railway lines in the south of England; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is energised only upon the approach of a train

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 energised	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 energised	aux:pass
3	energised	energise	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	only	only	ADV	_	7 approach	advmod
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	7 approach	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 approach	det
7	approach	approach	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 energised	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 train	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 train	det
10	train	train	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 approach	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	energise	present · passive		It					tree rules
2	approach		a train						nom approach «act intransitive»: of=agent

Option 2

It is energised only during the summer months

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 energised	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 energised	aux:pass
3	energised	energise	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	only	only	ADV	_	8 months	advmod
5	during	during	ADP	_	8 months	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 months	det
7	summer	summer	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 months	compound
8	months	month	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 energised	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	energise	present · passive		It			month		tree rules

Option 3

It is constructed of non-conducting rubber

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 constructed	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 constructed	aux:pass
3	constructed	construct	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	of	of	SCONJ	_	5 non-conducting	mark
5	non-conducting	non-conduct	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 constructed	advcl
6	rubber	rubber	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 non-conducting	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	construct	present · passive		It					vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result
2	non-conduct	gerund		rubber					tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It is energised at all times and may cause death

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 energised	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 energised	aux:pass
3	energised	energise	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	6 times	case
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 times	det
6	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 energised	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 cause	cc
8	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 cause	aux
9	cause	cause	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 energised	conj
10	death	death	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 cause	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	energise	present · passive		It			time		tree rules
2	cause	may		death					vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition death=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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