Exam question 3 · Why some jobs pay more
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the principal reason for which certain occupations attract greater remuneration?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: certain occupations · What happens: follow, characteris, attract · To what, where: principal reason, greater remuneration
This is exam question 3 of lesson 30 «Why some jobs pay more» of the money course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 characterises | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 statements | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 statements | det |
| 4 | following | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 statements | amod |
| 5 | statements | statement | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 characterises | obl |
| 6 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 7 accurately | advmod |
| 7 | accurately | accurately | ADV | _ | 8 characterises | advmod |
| 8 | characterises | characteris | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 reason | det |
| 10 | principal | principal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 reason | amod |
| 11 | reason | reason | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 characterises | obj |
| 12 | for | for | ADP | _ | 13 which | case |
| 13 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 attract | obl |
| 14 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 occupations | amod |
| 15 | occupations | occupation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 attract | nsubj |
| 16 | attract | attract | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 reason | acl:relcl |
| 17 | greater | great | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 18 remuneration | amod |
| 18 | remuneration | remuneration | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 attract | obj |
| 19 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 8 characterises | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | follow | gerund | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | characteris | present | the principal reason | of the following statements; accurately property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | attract | present | certain occupations | greater remuneration | for the principal reason | vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent remuneration=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
The greater moral worth of persons engaged in such occupations
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 worth | det |
| 2 | greater | great | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 4 worth | amod |
| 3 | moral | moral | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 worth | amod |
| 4 | worth | worth | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 persons | case |
| 6 | persons | person | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 worth | nmod |
| 7 | engaged | engage | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 persons | acl |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 occupations | case |
| 9 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 occupations | amod |
| 10 | occupations | occupation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 engaged | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | engage | participle | persons not said here | in such occupations goal | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent in occupation=Goal |
Option 2 · ✓ the right answer
The scarcity of persons able to perform them relative to the demand for their performance
The tree, 15 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 scarcity | det |
| 2 | scarcity | scarcity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 able | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 persons | case |
| 4 | persons | person | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 scarcity | nmod |
| 5 | able | able | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 perform | mark |
| 7 | perform | perform | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 able | xcomp |
| 8 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 perform | obj |
| 9 | relative | relative | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 perform | xcomp |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 demand | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 demand | det |
| 12 | demand | demand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 relative | obl |
| 13 | for | for | ADP | _ | 15 performance | case |
| 14 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 performance | nmod:poss |
| 15 | performance | performance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 demand | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | perform | to-infinitive | persons = person | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | relative | infinitive | to the demand for persons's performance | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | perform | persons = person | nom performance «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
Option 3
A statutory scale under which all occupations are ranked by importance
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 scale | det |
| 2 | statutory | statutory | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 scale | amod |
| 3 | scale | scale | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | under | under | ADP | _ | 5 which | case |
| 5 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 ranked | obl |
| 6 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 7 occupations | det |
| 7 | occupations | occupation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 ranked | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 ranked | aux:pass |
| 9 | ranked | rank | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 scale | acl:relcl |
| 10 | by | by | ADP | _ | 11 importance | case |
| 11 | importance | importance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 ranked | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rank | present · passive | importance | all occupations | a statutory scale | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
Option 4
The age of the persons engaged in such occupations
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 age | det |
| 2 | age | age | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 engaged | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 persons | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 persons | det |
| 5 | persons | person | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 age | nmod |
| 6 | engaged | engage | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 occupations | case |
| 8 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 occupations | amod |
| 9 | occupations | occupation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 engaged | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | engage | past | the age of the persons | in such occupations goal | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent in occupation=Goal |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/money/30-why-some-jobs-pay-more/e3/