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Test 8 · ★ · Magnets, compasses and big Earth facts

You see lightning, then hear thunder a few seconds later. What made the bang?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: You · What happens: see, hear, make · To what, where: lightning, thunder, bang

This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 17 «Magnets, compasses and big Earth facts» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: You see lightning, then hear thunder a few seconds later.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	You	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	2 see	nsubj
2	see	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	lightning	lightning	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 see	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 hear	punct
5	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	6 hear	advmod
6	hear	hear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 see	conj
7	thunder	thunder	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hear	obj
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 seconds	det
9	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 seconds	amod
10	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 later	obl:unmarked
11	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	6 hear	advmod
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 see	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	present	You	lightning					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer lightning=Stimulus
2	hear	infinitive	You not said here	thunder			then	late property	vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer thunder=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What made the bang?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	2 made	nsubj
2	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 bang	det
4	bang	bang	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 made	obj
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past		the bang					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material bang=Product

The options

Option 1

The lightning hitting the ground and echoing back up

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 lightning	det
2	lightning	lightning	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	hitting	hit	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 lightning	acl
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 ground	det
5	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hitting	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 echoing	cc
7	echoing	echo	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 hitting	conj
8	back	back	ADV	_	9 up	advmod
9	up	up	ADV	_	7 echoing	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hit	gerund	the lightning not said here	the ground					vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme ground=Co-Theme
2	echo	gerund	the lightning not said here						vn sound_existence-47.4 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

Raindrops crashing together in the cloud

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Raindrops	raindrop	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
2	crashing	crash	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Raindrops	acl
3	together	together	ADV	_	2 crashing	advmod
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 cloud	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 cloud	det
6	cloud	cloud	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 crashing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	crash	gerund	Raindrops not said here			the cloud		together property	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cloud=Location

Option 3

The clouds bumping together after the flash

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 clouds	det
2	clouds	cloud	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	bumping	bump	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 clouds	acl
4	together	together	ADV	_	3 bumping	advmod
5	after	after	ADP	_	7 flash	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 flash	det
7	flash	flash	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 bumping	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bump	gerund	the clouds not said here				after the flash	together property	vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V together»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The air heated by the lightning expanding suddenly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 air	det
2	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 expanding	nsubj
3	heated	heat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 air	acl
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 lightning	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 lightning	det
6	lightning	lightning	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 heated	obl
7	expanding	expand	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
8	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	_	7 expanding	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	heat	participle		the air not said here				by the lightning	vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	expand	gerund	the air					suddenly property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/myths/17-magnets-compasses-and-big-earth-facts/t8/