Exam question 4 · Eyes and ears

Ascertain the effect upon the eyes of the habitual wearing of spectacles by a short-sighted child.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, effect · What happens: ascertain, wear, sight · To what, where: effect

This is exam question 4 of lesson 3 «Eyes and ears» of the myths course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 effect	det
3	effect	effect	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
4	upon	upon	ADP	_	6 eyes	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 eyes	det
6	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 effect	nmod
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 habitual	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 habitual	det
9	habitual	habitual	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 eyes	nmod
10	wearing	wear	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 effect	acl
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 spectacles	case
12	spectacles	spectacle	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 wearing	obl
13	by	by	ADP	_	18 child	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 child	det
15	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 sighted	amod
16	-	-	PUNCT	_	15 short	punct
17	sighted	sight	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	18 child	amod
18	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 wearing	obl
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the effect	upon the eyes of the habitual	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent effect=Topic
2	wear	gerund	the effect not said here		of spectacles; by a sighted child	vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent of spectacle=Source
3	sight	participle				vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The eyes become dependent and cease to focus

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 eyes	det
2	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 become	nsubj
3	become	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	dependent	dependent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 become	xcomp
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 cease	cc
6	cease	cease	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 become	conj
7	to	to	PART	_	8 focus	mark
8	focus	focus	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 cease	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	become	present	the eyes	dependent property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
2	cease	present	the eyes not said here		vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
3	focus	to-infinitive	the eyes not said here		vn focus-87.1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent

Option 2

The eyes are progressively weakened and rendered idle by their use

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 eyes	det
2	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 weakened	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 weakened	aux:pass
4	progressively	progressively	ADV	_	5 weakened	advmod
5	weakened	weaken	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 rendered	cc
7	rendered	render	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 weakened	conj
8	idle	idle	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 rendered	xcomp
9	by	by	ADP	_	11 use	case
10	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 use	nmod:poss
11	use	use	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 rendered	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	weaken	present · passive		the eyes	progressively property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient
2	render	participle			by eyes's use; idle property	vn give-13.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent
3	use		eyes = eye			nom use «act transitive»: poss=agent

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Vision is rendered clear, and the eyes are not weakened

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Vision	vision	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 rendered	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 rendered	aux:pass
3	rendered	render	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	clear	clear	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 rendered	xcomp
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 weakened	punct
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 weakened	cc
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 eyes	det
8	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 weakened	nsubj:pass
9	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 weakened	aux:pass
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 weakened	advmod
11	weakened	weaken	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 rendered	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	render	present · passive		Vision				clear property	vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	not weaken	present · passive		the eyes					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient

Option 4

The short sight is permanently cured within months

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 sight	det
2	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 sight	amod
3	sight	sight	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 cured	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 cured	aux:pass
5	permanently	permanently	ADV	_	6 cured	advmod
6	cured	cure	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	within	within	ADP	_	8 months	case
8	months	month	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 cured	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cure	present · passive		the short sight			month	permanently property	vn free-10.6.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Source

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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