Test 1 · ★★ · How would we know? Asking experts and spotting tricks
"my cat fell off the shed and was fine, she's on life 4 now lol" What's true?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: cat · What happens: fall off, be · To what, where: shed, life · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 1 · ★★ of lesson 30 «How would we know? Asking experts and spotting tricks» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 fell | punct |
| 2 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 cat | nmod:poss |
| 3 | cat | cat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 fell | nsubj |
| 4 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | off | off | ADP | _ | 7 shed | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 shed | det |
| 7 | shed | shed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 fell | obl |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 fine | cc |
| 9 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 fine | cop |
| 10 | fine | fine | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 fell | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 life | punct |
| 12 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 life | nsubj |
| 13 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 life | cop |
| 14 | on | on | ADP | _ | 15 life | case |
| 15 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 fine | parataxis |
| 16 | 4 | 4 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 15 life | flat |
| 17 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 22 true | advmod |
| 18 | lol | lol | INTJ | _ | 22 true | discourse |
| 19 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 true | punct |
| 20 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 22 true | nsubj |
| 21 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 true | cop |
| 22 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 fine | parataxis |
| 23 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 fell | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fall off in a quote | past | my cat | the shed | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient shed=Extent | ||||
| 2 | is in a quote | past | my cat not said here | fine property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | is in a quote | present | cat | life | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | is | present | now | true property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1
Cats lose one of their lives every single time they fall
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cats | cat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 lose | nsubj |
| 2 | lose | lose | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 lose | obj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 lives | case |
| 5 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 lives | nmod:poss |
| 6 | lives | life | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 one | nmod |
| 7 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 9 time | det |
| 8 | single | single | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 time | amod |
| 9 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 lose | obl:unmarked |
| 10 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 fall | nsubj |
| 11 | fall | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 time | acl:relcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lose | present | Cats | one of Cats's lives | time | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Eventuality | |||
| 2 | fall | present | Cats = cat | every single time not said here | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient time=Result |
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice
She really has five lives left now
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 has | nsubj |
| 2 | really | really | ADV | _ | 3 has | advmod |
| 3 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | five | five | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 5 lives | nummod |
| 5 | lives | life | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 has | obj |
| 6 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 lives | acl |
| 7 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 has | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | She | five lives | now | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Patient | |||
| 2 | leave | participle | five lives not said here | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 3
Cats can't get hurt from any height
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cats | cat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 hurt | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | ca | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 hurt | aux |
| 3 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 hurt | advmod |
| 4 | get | get | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 5 hurt | aux:pass |
| 5 | hurt | hurt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | from | from | ADP | _ | 8 height | case |
| 7 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 8 height | det |
| 8 | height | height | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 hurt | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not hurt | can · passive | Cats | any height | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
Cats are good at landing, but they only have one life
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cats | cat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 good | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 good | cop |
| 3 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | at | at | ADP | _ | 5 landing | case |
| 5 | landing | landing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 good | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 have | punct |
| 7 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 10 have | cc |
| 8 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 have | nsubj |
| 9 | only | only | ADV | _ | 10 have | advmod |
| 10 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 good | parataxis |
| 11 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 12 life | nummod |
| 12 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 have | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Cats | landing | good property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | have | present | Cats = cat | one life | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Patient |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/myths/30-how-would-we-know-asking-experts-and-spotting-tricks/t1/