Test 8 · ★★ · How would we know? Asking experts and spotting tricks

Arthur ends every debate with "everybody knows it". What's the best reply?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Arthur, everybody, best reply · What happens: end, know, be · To what, where: debate

This is test 8 · ★★ of lesson 30 «How would we know? Asking experts and spotting tricks» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Arthur ends every debate with "everybody knows it".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Arthur	Arthur	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 ends	nsubj
2	ends	end	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	4 debate	det
4	debate	debate	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 ends	obj
5	with	with	SCONJ	_	8 knows	mark
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 knows	punct
7	everybody	everybody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	8 knows	nsubj
8	knows	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 ends	advcl
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 knows	obj
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 knows	punct
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 ends	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	end	present	Arthur	every debate					vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector debate=Eventuality
2	know in a quote	present	everybody	debate					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What's the best reply?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 reply	det
4	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 reply	amod
5	reply	reply	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the best reply						tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

How does everybody know? Let's check

Sentence 1: How does everybody know?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	4 know	advmod
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 know	aux
3	everybody	everybody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	4 know	nsubj
4	know	know	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 know	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	know	present · do-support	everybody						vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Sentence 2: Let's check

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Let	let	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	's	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	1 Let	obj
3	check	check	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Let	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	let	imperative	you not said here	's					tree rules
2	check	infinitive	's not said here						vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Nobody knows anything, ever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	2 knows	nsubj
2	knows	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	2 knows	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 ever	punct
5	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	2 knows	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	know	present	Nobody	anything			ever		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer anything=Stimulus

Option 3

Let's vote and the majority is right

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Let	let	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	's	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	1 Let	obj
3	vote	vote	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Let	xcomp
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 right	cc
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 majority	det
6	majority	majority	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 right	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 right	cop
8	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Let	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	let	imperative	you not said here	's		tree rules
2	vote	infinitive	's not said here			vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	is	present	the majority		right property	tree rules

Option 4

Then it must be true, you win

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	5 true	advmod
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 true	nsubj
3	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 true	aux
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 true	cop
5	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 win	punct
7	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	8 win	nsubj
8	win	win	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 true	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	must	it				then	true property	tree rules
2	win	present	you						vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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