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Test 5 · ★★★ · Olympiad: how could you check it? ★★★

"We dropped the toast twice and it landed butter down both times, so it's ALWAYS butter down." What's the problem?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: We, toast, problem · What happens: drop down, land down, be · To what, where: toast, butter

This is test 5 · ★★★ of lesson 37 «Olympiad: how could you check it? ★★★» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: "We dropped the toast twice and it landed butter down both times, so it's ALWAYS butter down."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 dropped	punct
2	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 dropped	nsubj
3	dropped	drop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 toast	det
5	toast	toast	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 dropped	obj
6	twice	twice	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	3 dropped	advmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 landed	cc
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 landed	nsubj
9	landed	land	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 dropped	conj
10	butter	butter	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 landed	obj
11	down	down	ADP	_	9 landed	compound:prt
12	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	13 times	det
13	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 landed	obl:unmarked
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 butter	punct
15	so	so	ADV	_	19 butter	advmod
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 butter	nsubj
17	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 butter	cop
18	ALWAYS	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	19 butter	advmod
19	butter	butter	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 dropped	parataxis
20	down	down	ADP	_	3 dropped	compound:prt
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 dropped	punct
22	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 dropped	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drop down in a quote	past	We	the toast				twice property	vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toast=Theme
2	land down in a quote	past	toast	butter			time		vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V ADVP»: agent=Theme butter=Destination
3	is a in a quote	present	toast	butter				always property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What's the problem?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 problem	det
4	problem	problem	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the problem						tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Butter makes toast land the right way up

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Butter	butter	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 makes	nsubj
2	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	toast	toast	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 makes	obj
4	land	land	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 makes	xcomp
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 way	det
6	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 way	amod
7	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 land	obj
8	up	up	ADV	_	4 land	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	Butter	toast					tree rules
2	land	infinitive	toast not said here	the right way					vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V ADVP»: agent=Theme way=Destination

Option 2

Nothing, two drops prove it for ever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	5 prove	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
3	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 drops	nummod
4	drops	drop	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 prove	nsubj
5	prove	prove	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 prove	obj
7	for	for	ADP	_	8 ever	case
8	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	5 prove	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prove	present	Nothing	it					vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 3

The toast was the wrong kind of bread

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 toast	det
2	toast	toast	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 kind	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 kind	cop
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 kind	det
5	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 kind	amod
6	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 bread	case
8	bread	bread	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 kind	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	the toast	the wrong kind				of bread	tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Two drops are far too few

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 drops	nummod
2	drops	drop	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 few	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 few	cop
4	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 few	advmod
5	too	too	ADV	_	6 few	advmod
6	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Two drops					far, few property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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