Exam question 4 · Colds, coughs and the weather

Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning loss of heat through the head.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, response, established facts · What happens: select, be, establish, concern · To what, where: response, loss, head

This is exam question 4 of lesson 4 «Colds, coughs and the weather» of the myths course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 consistent	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 consistent	cop
6	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	acl:relcl
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 facts	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 facts	det
9	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 facts	amod
10	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 consistent	obl
11	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 facts	acl
12	loss	loss	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 concerning	obj
13	of	of	ADP	_	14 heat	case
14	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 loss	nmod
15	through	through	ADP	_	17 head	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 head	det
17	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 concerning	obl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response			vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	is	present	the response			with the established facts; consistent property	tree rules
3	establish	participle					vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
4	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	loss of heat	the head		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus loss=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The head loses no heat whatsoever when uncovered

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 head	det
2	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 loses	nsubj
3	loses	lose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 heat	det
5	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 loses	obj
6	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	_	3 loses	advmod
7	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	8 uncovered	advmod
8	uncovered	uncover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 loses	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose	present	the head	no heat				whatsoever property	vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heat=Eventuality
2	uncover	participle	the head not said here						tree rules

Option 2

Heat is lost through the head only during sleep

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lost	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 lost	aux:pass
3	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	through	through	ADP	_	6 head	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 head	det
6	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lost	obl
7	only	only	ADV	_	9 sleep	advmod
8	during	during	ADP	_	9 sleep	case
9	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lost	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose	present · passive		Heat		the head	during sleep		vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The head loses heat in proportion to its exposed surface, as other parts do

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 head	det
2	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 loses	nsubj
3	loses	lose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 loses	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 proportion	case
6	proportion	proportion	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 loses	obl
7	to	to	ADP	_	10 surface	case
8	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 surface	nmod:poss
9	exposed	exposed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 surface	amod
10	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 loses	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 do	punct
12	as	as	SCONJ	_	15 do	mark
13	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 parts	amod
14	parts	part	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 do	nsubj
15	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 loses	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose	present	the head	heat		proportion		to head's exposed surface	vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heat=Eventuality
2	do	present	other parts						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

The head is responsible for the greater part of all heat lost

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 head	det
2	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 responsible	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 responsible	cop
4	responsible	responsible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	for	for	ADP	_	8 part	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 part	det
7	greater	great	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	8 part	amod
8	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 responsible	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 heat	case
10	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	11 heat	det
11	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 part	nmod
12	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 heat	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the head					for the greater part of all heat; responsible property	tree rules
2	lose	participle		all heat not said here					vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/myths/4-colds-coughs-and-the-weather/e4/