Test 7 · ★ · Moving, swimming and sport

In a cartoon a swimmer gets cramp and sinks instantly like a rock. What's wrong with that?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: swimmer · What happens: get, sink, be · To what, where: cramp, cartoon

This is test 7 · ★ of lesson 5 «Moving, swimming and sport» of the myths course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon a swimmer gets cramp and sinks instantly like a rock.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 gets	obl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 swimmer	det
5	swimmer	swimmer	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 gets	nsubj
6	gets	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	cramp	cramp	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 gets	obj
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 sinks	cc
9	sinks	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 gets	conj
10	instantly	instantly	ADV	_	9 sinks	advmod
11	like	like	ADP	_	13 rock	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 rock	det
13	rock	rock	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 sinks	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 gets	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	get	present	a swimmer	cramp		a cartoon			vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cramp=Stimulus
2	sink	present	a swimmer not said here					like a rock; instantly property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What's wrong with that?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 wrong	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	with	with	ADP	_	5 that	case
5	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 wrong	obl
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 wrong	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						with that; wrong property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Nothing, because cramp always pulls a swimmer straight under the water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 pulls	punct
3	because	because	SCONJ	_	6 pulls	mark
4	cramp	cramp	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 pulls	nsubj
5	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	6 pulls	advmod
6	pulls	pull	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Nothing	parataxis
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 swimmer	det
8	swimmer	swimmer	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 pulls	obj
9	straight	straight	ADV	_	12 water	advmod
10	under	under	ADP	_	12 water	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 water	det
12	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 pulls	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pull	present	cramp	a swimmer		the water		always property	vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent swimmer=Theme

Option 2

You should swim faster to beat cramp

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	You	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	3 swim	nsubj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 swim	aux
3	swim	swim	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 swim	advmod
5	to	to	PART	_	6 beat	mark
6	beat	beat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 swim	advcl
7	cramp	cramp	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 beat	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swim	should	You					fast property	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	beat	to-infinitive	You not said here	cramp					vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cramp=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Cramp hurts but you can float on your back and call for help

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cramp	cramp	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 hurts	nsubj
2	hurts	hurt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	but	but	CCONJ	_	6 float	cc
4	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	6 float	nsubj
5	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 float	aux
6	float	float	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 hurts	conj
7	on	on	ADP	_	9 back	case
8	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 back	nmod:poss
9	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 float	obl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 call	cc
11	call	call	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	6 float	conj
12	for	for	ADP	_	13 help	case
13	help	help	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 call	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	hurt	present	Cramp			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
2	float	can	you	your back		vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on back=Trajectory
3	call	infinitive	you not said here		for help	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S_INF»: agent=Agent for help=Recipient

Option 4

Cramp only happens on land

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cramp	cramp	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 happens	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 happens	advmod
3	happens	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	on	on	ADP	_	5 land	case
5	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 happens	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	present	Cramp			land			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on land=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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