Test 1 · Floating and sinking: the push of the water

Lily's mum says steel always sinks, so how come ships float?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: mum, steel, come ships · What happens: say, sink, float · To what, where: steel · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 of lesson 11 «Floating and sinking: the push of the water» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lily	Lily	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 mum	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 Lily	case
3	mum	mum	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 says	nsubj
4	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	steel	steel	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 says	obj
6	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	7 sinks	advmod
7	sinks	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 steel	acl:relcl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 float	punct
9	so	so	ADV	_	13 float	advmod
10	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	11 come	advmod
11	come	come	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 ships	amod
12	ships	ship	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 float	nsubj
13	float	float	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 says	parataxis
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Lily's mum	steel		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent steel=Topic
2	sink	present	steel not said here		always property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	float	present	come ships			vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Ships float on their engines

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ships	ship	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 float	nsubj
2	float	float	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	5 engines	case
4	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 engines	nmod:poss
5	engines	engine	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 float	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	float	present	Ships			Ships's engines			vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on engine=Trajectory

Option 2

Sea water holds up all metal

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 water	compound
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 holds	nsubj
3	holds	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	up	up	ADP	_	3 holds	compound:prt
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 metal	det
6	metal	metal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 holds	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold up	present	Sea water	all metal					vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot metal=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A ship is hollow and full of air

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 ship	det
2	ship	ship	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 hollow	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 hollow	cop
4	hollow	hollow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 full	cc
6	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 hollow	conj
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 air	case
8	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 full	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	a ship					hollow property	tree rules
2	be		a ship not said here					of air	tree rules

Option 4

Ships are made of light wood under the paint

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ships	ship	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 made	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 made	aux:pass
3	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 wood	case
5	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 wood	compound
6	wood	wood	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 made	obl
7	under	under	ADP	_	9 paint	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 paint	det
9	paint	paint	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 made	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present · passive		Ships		the paint		of light wood	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/11-floating-and-sinking/t1/