Exam question 1 · Water safety and the ocean

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the pressure exerted by water at increasing depth?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, exert, increase · To what, where: pressure, depth

This is exam question 1 of lesson 13 «Water safety and the ocean» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 pressure	det
10	pressure	pressure	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	exerted	exert	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 pressure	acl
12	by	by	ADP	_	13 water	case
13	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 exerted	obl
14	at	at	SCONJ	_	15 increasing	mark
15	increasing	increase	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	11 exerted	advcl
16	depth	depth	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 increasing	obj
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the pressure	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	exert	participle	the pressure not said here	by water	vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	increase	gerund	depth		vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer depth=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It is exerted only upon the surface

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 exerted	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 exerted	aux:pass
3	exerted	exert	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	only	only	ADV	_	7 surface	advmod
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	7 surface	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 surface	det
7	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 exerted	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	exert	present · passive		It				upon the surface	vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It increases with the depth of water above

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 increases	nsubj
2	increases	increase	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	with	with	ADP	_	5 depth	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 depth	det
5	depth	depth	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 increases	obl
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 water	case
7	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 depth	nmod
8	above	above	ADV	_	2 increases	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	increase	present	It					with the depth of water; above property	vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

It remains uniform at all depths

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 remains	nsubj
2	remains	remain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	uniform	uniform	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 remains	obj
4	at	at	ADP	_	6 depths	case
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 depths	det
6	depths	depth	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 remains	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	remain	present	It	uniform		all depths			vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme uniform=Attribute

Option 4

It diminishes with the depth of water above

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 diminishes	nsubj
2	diminishes	diminish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	with	with	ADP	_	5 depth	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 depth	det
5	depth	depth	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 diminishes	obl
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 water	case
7	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 depth	nmod
8	above	above	ADV	_	2 diminishes	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	diminish	present	It					with the depth of water; above property	vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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