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Exam question 3 · The air presses on everything

It is given that a closed vessel is sealed at high altitude and subsequently conveyed to ground level. State the anticipated consequence.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: give, close, seal, convey, anticipate · To what, where: It, closed vessel, high altitude, ground level

This is exam question 3 of lesson 14 «The air presses on everything» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that a closed vessel is sealed at high altitude and subsequently conveyed to ground level.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	9 sealed	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 vessel	det
6	closed	close	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 vessel	amod
7	vessel	vessel	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 sealed	nsubj:pass
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 sealed	aux:pass
9	sealed	seal	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 given	advcl
10	at	at	ADP	_	12 altitude	case
11	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 altitude	amod
12	altitude	altitude	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 sealed	obl
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 conveyed	cc
14	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	_	15 conveyed	advmod
15	conveyed	convey	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 given	conj
16	to	to	ADP	_	18 level	case
17	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 level	compound
18	level	level	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 conveyed	obl
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	close	participle							vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	seal	present · passive		a closed vessel		high altitude			vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
4	convey	participle			ground level			subsequently property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to level=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: State the anticipated consequence.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	State	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 consequence	compound
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 consequence	det
3	anticipated	anticipate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 consequence	amod
4	consequence	consequence	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 consequence	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	anticipate	participle							vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The vessel expands owing to the reduced external pressure at ground level

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 vessel	det
2	vessel	vessel	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 expands	nsubj
3	expands	expand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	owing	owe	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 expands	xcomp
5	to	to	ADP	_	9 pressure	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 pressure	det
7	reduced	reduce	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 pressure	amod
8	external	external	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 pressure	amod
9	pressure	pressure	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 expands	obl
10	at	at	ADP	_	12 level	case
11	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 level	compound
12	level	level	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 expands	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	expand	present	the vessel			ground level		to the reduced external pressure	tree rules
2	owe	gerund	the vessel not said here						vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent
3	reduce	participle							vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer

Option 2

The vessel remains wholly unaltered

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 vessel	det
2	vessel	vessel	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 remains	nsubj
3	remains	remain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	wholly	wholly	ADV	_	5 unaltered	advmod
5	unaltered	unaltered	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 remains	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	remain	present	the vessel					unaltered property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The vessel is compressed by the greater external pressure

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 vessel	det
2	vessel	vessel	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 compressed	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 compressed	aux:pass
4	compressed	compress	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	9 pressure	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 pressure	det
7	greater	great	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	9 pressure	amod
8	external	external	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 pressure	amod
9	pressure	pressure	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 compressed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	compress	present · passive	the greater external pressure	the vessel					vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent subject=Patient

Option 4

The vessel rises spontaneously

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 vessel	det
2	vessel	vessel	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 rises	nsubj
3	rises	rise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	spontaneously	spontaneously	ADV	_	3 rises	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rise	present	the vessel					spontaneously property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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