Test 6 · ★★ · Pressure tricks: pumps, tyres and vacuums

A ketchup bottle gurgles when you stop squeezing. What is happening?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: ketchup bottle, you · What happens: gurgle, stop, squeeze, happen

This is test 6 · ★★ of lesson 16 «Pressure tricks: pumps, tyres and vacuums» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A ketchup bottle gurgles when you stop squeezing.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 bottle	det
2	ketchup	ketchup	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 bottle	compound
3	bottle	bottle	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 gurgles	nsubj
4	gurgles	gurgle	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	7 stop	advmod
6	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 stop	nsubj
7	stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 gurgles	advcl
8	squeezing	squeeze	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 stop	xcomp
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 gurgles	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	roles by
1	gurgle	present	a ketchup bottle	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	stop	present	you	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
3	squeeze	gerund	you not said here	vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is happening?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happening	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 happening	aux
3	happening	happen	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happening	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	present · progressive							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It springs back and air is pushed in to fill the space

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 springs	nsubj
2	springs	spring	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	back	back	ADV	_	2 springs	advmod
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 pushed	cc
5	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 pushed	nsubj:pass
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 pushed	aux:pass
7	pushed	push	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 springs	conj
8	in	in	ADP	_	7 pushed	compound:prt
9	to	to	PART	_	10 fill	mark
10	fill	fill	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 pushed	advcl
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 space	det
12	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 fill	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	spring back	present	It		vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	push in	present · passive		air	vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
3	fill	to-infinitive		the space	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent space=Patient

Option 2

The bottle is cracking and breaking at the bottom where you squeezed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 bottle	det
2	bottle	bottle	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cracking	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 cracking	aux
4	cracking	crack	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 breaking	cc
6	breaking	break	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 cracking	conj
7	at	at	ADP	_	9 bottom	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 bottom	det
9	bottom	bottom	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 breaking	obl
10	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	12 squeezed	advmod
11	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	12 squeezed	nsubj
12	squeezed	squeeze	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 bottom	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	roles by
1	crack	present · progressive	the bottle		vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	break	gerund	the bottle not said here	the bottom	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at bottom=Location
3	squeeze	past	you		vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent

Option 3

The ketchup is boiling inside the bottle from the warmth of your hand

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 ketchup	det
2	ketchup	ketchup	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 boiling	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 boiling	aux
4	boiling	boil	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	inside	inside	ADP	_	7 bottle	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 bottle	det
7	bottle	bottle	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 boiling	obl
8	from	from	ADP	_	10 warmth	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 warmth	det
10	warmth	warmth	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 boiling	obl
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 hand	case
12	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 hand	nmod:poss
13	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 warmth	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	boil	present · progressive	the ketchup			the bottle		from the warmth of your hand	vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 4

The ketchup is slowly turning into air and bubbling away inside

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 ketchup	det
2	ketchup	ketchup	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 turning	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 turning	aux
4	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	5 turning	advmod
5	turning	turn	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	into	into	ADP	_	7 air	case
7	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 turning	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 bubbling	cc
9	bubbling	bubble	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 turning	conj
10	away	away	ADV	_	9 bubbling	advmod
11	inside	inside	ADV	_	9 bubbling	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	present · progressive	the ketchup			air		slowly property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into air=Trajectory
2	bubble away	gerund	the ketchup not said here					away, inside property	vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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