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Exam question 3 · What sound is: wobbles in the air

It is given that a string is shortened and tightened. Determine the consequent alteration in its pitch.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: give, shorten, tighten, determine · To what, where: It, string, consequent alteration, pitch

This is exam question 3 of lesson 17 «What sound is: wobbles in the air» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that a string is shortened and tightened.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 shortened	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 string	det
6	string	string	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 shortened	nsubj:pass
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 shortened	aux:pass
8	shortened	shorten	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 given	advcl
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 tightened	cc
10	tightened	tighten	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 shortened	conj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	shorten	present · passive		a string					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient
3	tighten	participle							vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Determine the consequent alteration in its pitch.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Determine	determine	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 alteration	det
3	consequent	consequent	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 alteration	compound
4	alteration	alteration	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Determine	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 pitch	case
6	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 pitch	nmod:poss
7	pitch	pitch	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Determine	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Determine	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	determine	imperative	you not said here	the consequent alteration		alteration's pitch			vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent alteration=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The pitch is lowered

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 pitch	det
2	pitch	pitch	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lowered	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 lowered	aux:pass
4	lowered	lower	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lower	present · passive		the pitch					vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The pitch is raised

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 pitch	det
2	pitch	pitch	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 raised	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 raised	aux:pass
4	raised	raise	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	raise	present · passive		the pitch					vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 3

The string ceases to produce sound

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 string	det
2	string	string	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ceases	nsubj
3	ceases	cease	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 produce	mark
5	produce	produce	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 ceases	xcomp
6	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 produce	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cease	present	the string						vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
2	produce	to-infinitive	the string not said here	sound					vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sound=Result

Option 4

The pitch is unaltered

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 pitch	det
2	pitch	pitch	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 unaltered	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 unaltered	cop
4	unaltered	unaltered	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the pitch					unaltered property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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