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Test 2 · ★ · Thunder, sirens and how fast sound travels

A cartoon shows thunder and lightning arriving together, even from far away. What is wrong?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: cartoon, thunder · What happens: show, arrive, be · To what, where: thunder

This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 18 «Thunder, sirens and how fast sound travels» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A cartoon shows thunder and lightning arriving together, even from far away.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 cartoon	det
2	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shows	nsubj
3	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	thunder	thunder	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shows	obj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 lightning	cc
6	lightning	lightning	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 thunder	conj
7	arriving	arrive	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 thunder	acl
8	together	together	ADV	_	7 arriving	advmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 away	punct
10	even	even	ADV	_	13 away	advmod
11	from	from	ADP	_	13 away	case
12	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	13 away	advmod
13	away	away	ADV	_	3 shows	advmod
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 shows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present	a cartoon	thunder and lightning				away property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent thunder=Recipient
2	arrive	gerund	thunder and lightning not said here					together property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is wrong?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 wrong	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 wrong	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						wrong property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Lightning makes no light far away

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lightning	lightning	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 makes	nsubj
2	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 light	det
4	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 makes	obj
5	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 away	advmod
6	away	away	ADV	_	2 makes	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	Lightning	no light				away property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset light=Product

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Far away, the thunder comes later than the flash

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 comes	advmod
2	away	away	ADV	_	1 Far	advmod
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Far	punct
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 thunder	det
5	thunder	thunder	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 comes	nsubj
6	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	6 comes	advmod
8	than	than	ADP	_	10 flash	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 flash	det
10	flash	flash	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 comes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	present	the thunder					than the flash; far, late property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Nothing, they always arrive together

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	5 arrive	advcl
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 arrive	nsubj
4	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	5 arrive	advmod
5	arrive	arrive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	together	together	ADV	_	5 arrive	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	arrive	present	they					always, together property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

Thunder always comes before the flash, however far away

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Thunder	thunder	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 comes	nsubj
2	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	3 comes	advmod
3	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	before	before	ADP	_	6 flash	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 flash	det
6	flash	flash	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 comes	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 far	punct
8	however	however	ADV	_	9 far	advmod
9	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	10 away	advmod
10	away	away	ADV	_	3 comes	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	present	Thunder			the flash		always, away property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before flash=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/18-thunder-sirens-and-how-fast-sound-travels/t2/