Test 5 · ★ · Thunder, sirens and how fast sound travels

Why do foxes and rabbits have big ears that turn?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: foxes, big ears · What happens: do, have, turn · To what, where: big ears

This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 18 «Thunder, sirens and how fast sound travels» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	2 do	advmod
2	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 have	advcl
3	foxes	fox	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 have	nsubj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 rabbits	cc
5	rabbits	rabbit	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 foxes	conj
6	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 ears	amod
8	ears	ear	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 have	obj
9	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 turn	nsubj
10	turn	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 ears	acl:relcl
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 have	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	do	present	foxes and rabbits not said here		vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	have	present	foxes and rabbits	big ears	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ear=Patient
3	turn	present	big ears		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Big ears are only there for showing off to others

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 ears	amod
2	ears	ear	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 there	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 there	cop
4	only	only	ADV	_	5 there	advmod
5	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	root	root
6	for	for	SCONJ	_	7 showing	mark
7	showing	show	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 there	advcl
8	off	off	ADP	_	7 showing	compound:prt
9	to	to	ADP	_	10 others	case
10	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 showing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Big ears					there property	tree rules
2	show off	gerund	Big ears not said here		others				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient how S»: agent=Agent to other=Recipient

Option 2

Big ears help them to run along much faster

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 ears	amod
2	ears	ear	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 help	nsubj
3	help	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 help	obj
5	to	to	PART	_	6 run	mark
6	run	run	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 help	xcomp
7	along	along	ADV	_	6 run	advmod
8	much	much	ADV	_	9 faster	advmod
9	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	6 run	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	help	present	Big ears	them = they					vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary clause=Theme
2	run along	to-infinitive	them = they not said here					along, fast property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Big ears keep them warm out in the cold snow

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 ears	amod
2	ears	ear	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 keep	nsubj
3	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 keep	obj
5	warm	warm	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 keep	xcomp
6	out	out	ADP	_	5 warm	compound:prt
7	in	in	ADP	_	10 snow	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 snow	det
9	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 snow	amod
10	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 warm	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	present	Big ears	them = they					tree rules
2	warm out	infinitive	them = they not said here			the cold snow			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

They gather more sound from where it comes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 gather	nsubj
2	gather	gather	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 sound	amod
4	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 gather	obj
5	from	from	SCONJ	_	8 comes	mark
6	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	8 comes	advmod
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 comes	nsubj
8	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 gather	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	gather	present	They	more sound					vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sound=Theme
2	come	present	sound						vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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