Test 8 · ★ · Bangs and loud sounds: firecrackers and ears

Which is true about how sound weakens?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: sound · What happens: be, weaken

This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 19 «Bangs and loud sounds: firecrackers and ears» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	about	about	SCONJ	_	7 weakens	mark
5	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	7 weakens	advmod
6	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 weakens	nsubj
7	weakens	weaken	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	advcl
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules
2	weaken	present	sound						vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It gets louder and louder the further it travels from the bang

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 gets	nsubj
2	gets	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	louder	loud	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 gets	xcomp
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 louder	cc
5	louder	loud	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 louder	conj
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 further	det
7	further	far	ADV	Degree=Cmp	9 travels	advmod
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 travels	nsubj
9	travels	travel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 gets	advcl
10	from	from	ADP	_	12 bang	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 bang	det
12	bang	bang	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 travels	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	get	present	It					loud property	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
2	travel	present	it			the bang		far property	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from bang=Trajectory

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It spreads out over a bigger area the further it goes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 spreads	nsubj
2	spreads	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	out	out	ADP	_	2 spreads	compound:prt
4	over	over	ADP	_	7 area	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 area	det
6	bigger	big	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	7 area	amod
7	area	area	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 spreads	obl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 further	det
9	further	far	ADV	Degree=Cmp	11 goes	advmod
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 goes	nsubj
11	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 spreads	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spread out	present	It			a bigger area			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over area=Location
2	go	present	area					far property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

It stops completely after it has travelled one kilometre or so

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 stops	nsubj
2	stops	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	completely	completely	ADV	_	2 stops	advmod
4	after	after	SCONJ	_	7 travelled	mark
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 travelled	nsubj:pass
6	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 travelled	aux
7	travelled	travell	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 stops	advcl
8	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 kilometre	nummod
9	kilometre	kilometre	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 travelled	obj
10	or	or	CCONJ	_	11 so	cc
11	so	so	ADV	_	7 travelled	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	present	It					completely property	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
2	travell	present · perfect · passive		it					tree rules

Option 4

It weakens only at night, when the air is cold and heavy

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 weakens	nsubj
2	weakens	weaken	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	5 night	advmod
4	at	at	ADP	_	5 night	case
5	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 weakens	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 cold	punct
7	when	when	SCONJ	_	11 cold	mark
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 air	det
9	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 cold	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 cold	cop
11	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 weakens	parataxis
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 heavy	cc
13	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 cold	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	other	roles by
1	weaken	present	It	night		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	is	present	the air		cold property	tree rules
3	be		the air not said here			tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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