Test 8 · Heat moves: hot to cold

Why does the Sun warm you even though space between us is empty?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: Sun, space · What happens: warm, be · To what, where: you

This is test 8 of lesson 23 «Heat moves: hot to cold» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 warm	advmod
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 warm	aux
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 Sun	det
4	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 warm	nsubj
5	warm	warm	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 empty	advcl
6	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	5 warm	obj
7	even	even	ADV	_	13 empty	advmod
8	though	though	SCONJ	_	13 empty	mark
9	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 empty	nsubj
10	between	between	ADP	_	11 us	case
11	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	9 space	nmod
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 empty	cop
13	empty	empty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	13 empty	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	warm	present · do-support	the Sun	you					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent you=Patient
2	is	present	space between us					empty property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Space is full of warm air all the way here

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 full	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 full	cop
3	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 air	case
5	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 air	amod
6	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 full	obl
7	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	9 way	det:predet
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 way	det
9	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 full	parataxis
10	here	here	ADV	PronType=Dem	9 way	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Space					of warm air; full property	tree rules

Option 2

Heat only comes up from the ground below

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 comes	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 comes	advmod
3	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	up	up	ADV	_	3 comes	advmod
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 ground	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 ground	det
7	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 comes	obl
8	below	below	ADV	_	7 ground	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come up	present	Heat			the ground			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from ground=Initial_Location

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Heat travels as rays that need no air

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 travels	nsubj
2	travels	travel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	as	as	ADP	_	4 rays	case
4	rays	ray	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 travels	obl
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 need	nsubj
6	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 rays	acl:relcl
7	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	8 air	det
8	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 need	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	travel	present	Heat					as rays	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	need	present	rays	no air					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot air=Theme

Option 4

The Moon catches the heat and passes it on

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Moon	det
2	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 catches	nsubj
3	catches	catch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 heat	det
5	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 catches	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 passes	cc
7	passes	pass	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 catches	conj
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 passes	obj
9	on	on	ADP	_	7 passes	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	catch	present	the Moon	the heat					vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heat=Theme
2	pass on	present	the Moon not said here	heat					vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/23-heat-moves-hot-to-cold/t8/