Test 8 · ★★★ · Keeping warm and keeping cool: insulation and sweat

Why might a desert fox have huge ears while an Arctic fox has tiny ones?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: desert fox, Arctic fox · What happens: have · To what, where: huge ears, tiny ones

This is test 8 · ★★★ of lesson 25 «Keeping warm and keeping cool: insulation and sweat» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 fox	advmod
2	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 fox	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 fox	det
4	desert	desert	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 fox	compound
5	fox	fox	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 have	nsubj
6	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	huge	huge	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 ears	amod
8	ears	ear	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 have	obj
9	while	while	SCONJ	_	13 has	mark
10	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 fox	det
11	Arctic	arctic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 fox	amod
12	fox	fox	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 has	nsubj
13	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 have	advcl
14	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 ones	amod
15	ones	one	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 has	obj
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 have	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	a desert fox	huge ears					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ear=Patient
2	have	present	a Arctic fox	tiny ones					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Arctic foxes have no use for ears

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Arctic	arctic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 foxes	amod
2	foxes	fox	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	nsubj
3	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 use	det
5	use	use	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 have	obj
6	for	for	ADP	_	7 ears	case
7	ears	ear	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 use	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Arctic foxes	no use				for ears	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent use=Patient

Option 2

Desert foxes need to hear camels

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Desert	desert	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 foxes	compound
2	foxes	fox	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 need	nsubj
3	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 hear	mark
5	hear	hear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 need	xcomp
6	camels	camel	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 hear	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present	Desert foxes						vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	hear not said to happen	to-infinitive	Desert foxes not said here	camels					vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer camel=Stimulus

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Big ears lose heat in the heat, small ears save heat in the cold

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 ears	amod
2	ears	ear	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 lose	nsubj
3	lose	lose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lose	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 heat	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 heat	det
7	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lose	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 save	punct
9	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 ears	amod
10	ears	ear	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 save	nsubj
11	save	save	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 lose	parataxis
12	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 save	obj
13	in	in	ADP	_	15 cold	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 cold	det
15	cold	cold	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 save	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose	present	Big ears	heat		the heat			vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heat=Eventuality
2	save	present	small ears	heat		the cold			vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heat=Theme

Option 4

Big ears grow only in sand

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 ears	amod
2	ears	ear	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 grow	nsubj
3	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	only	only	ADV	_	3 grow	advmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 sand	case
6	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grow	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	Big ears			sand			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sand=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/25-keeping-warm-and-keeping-cool/t8/