Test 1 · ★ · Parachutes, skydivers and falling safely

Is it true that a coin dropped from a really tall building could kill someone?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: it, coin · What happens: be, drop, kill · To what, where: coin, tall building, someone

This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 3 «Parachutes, skydivers and falling safely» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 true	nsubj
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	14 kill	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 coin	det
6	coin	coin	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 kill	nsubj
7	dropped	drop	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 coin	acl
8	from	from	ADP	_	12 building	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 building	det
10	really	really	ADV	_	11 tall	advmod
11	tall	tall	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 building	amod
12	building	building	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 dropped	obl
13	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 kill	aux
14	kill	kill	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 true	advcl
15	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	14 kill	obj
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	present	it			true property	tree rules
2	drop	participle		a coin not said here	a tall building		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme from building=Trajectory
3	kill	could	a coin	someone			vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Yes, coins speed up for ever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 speed	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	coins	coin	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 speed	nsubj
4	speed	speed	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	up	up	ADP	_	4 speed	compound:prt
6	for	for	ADP	_	7 ever	case
7	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	4 speed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	speed up	present	coins						vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

Yes, it falls faster than a bullet

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 falls	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 falls	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 falls	nsubj
4	falls	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 falls	advmod
6	than	than	ADP	_	8 bullet	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 bullet	det
8	bullet	bullet	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 faster	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	present	it					fast property	vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

No, coins never reach the ground

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	5 reach	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	coins	coin	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 reach	nsubj
4	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	5 reach	advmod
5	reach	reach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 ground	det
7	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 reach	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not reach	present	coins	the ground					vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent ground=Theme

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

No, air slows it to a sting

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 slows	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 slows	nsubj
4	slows	slow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 slows	obj
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 sting	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 sting	det
8	sting	sting	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 slows	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	slow	present	air	it				to a sting	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/3-parachutes-and-falling-safely/t1/