Exam question 4 · Pulleys, gears and big machines

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning a system of several pulleys.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, system

This is exam question 4 of lesson 35 «Pulleys, gears and big machines» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 system	det
11	system	system	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 pulleys	case
13	several	several	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 pulleys	amod
14	pulleys	pulley	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 system	nmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	a system of several pulleys		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus system=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

The effort is diminished, but a greater length of rope must be drawn

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 effort	det
2	effort	effort	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 diminished	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 diminished	aux:pass
4	diminished	diminish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 drawn	punct
6	but	but	CCONJ	_	14 drawn	cc
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 length	det
8	greater	great	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	9 length	amod
9	length	length	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 drawn	nsubj:pass
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 rope	case
11	rope	rope	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 length	nmod
12	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 drawn	aux
13	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	14 drawn	aux:pass
14	drawn	draw	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 diminished	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	diminish	present · passive		the effort					vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient
2	draw	must · passive		a greater length of rope					vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 2

The load is rendered lighter in itself

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 load	det
2	load	load	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 rendered	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 rendered	aux:pass
4	rendered	render	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	lighter	light	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 rendered	xcomp
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 itself	case
7	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	5 lighter	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	render	present · passive		the load				light property	vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Both the effort and the rope drawn are diminished

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	CCONJ	_	3 effort	cc:preconj
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 effort	det
3	effort	effort	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 diminished	nsubj:pass
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 rope	cc
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 rope	det
6	rope	rope	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 effort	conj
7	drawn	draw	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 rope	acl
8	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 diminished	aux:pass
9	diminished	diminish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	draw	participle		the rope not said here					vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	diminish	present · passive		the effort and the rope					vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient

Option 4

The effort is increased, but less rope need be drawn

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 effort	det
2	effort	effort	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 increased	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 increased	aux:pass
4	increased	increase	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 need	punct
6	but	but	CCONJ	_	9 need	cc
7	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	8 rope	amod
8	rope	rope	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 need	nsubj
9	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 increased	conj
10	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	11 drawn	aux:pass
11	drawn	draw	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 need	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	increase	present · passive		the effort	vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient
2	need	present	less rope		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
3	draw not said to happen	infinitive · passive	less rope not said here		vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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