Test 8 · ★★ · Pulleys, gears and big machines

Why did villagers long ago build their mill next to a stream?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: villagers · What happens: build · To what, where: mill

This is test 8 · ★★ of lesson 35 «Pulleys, gears and big machines» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	6 build	advmod
2	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 build	aux
3	villagers	villager	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 build	nsubj
4	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	5 ago	advmod
5	ago	ago	ADV	_	6 build	advmod
6	build	build	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 mill	nmod:poss
8	mill	mill	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 build	obj
9	next	next	ADV	_	6 build	advmod
10	to	to	ADP	_	12 stream	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 stream	det
12	stream	stream	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 next	obl
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 build	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	build	past · do-support	villagers	villagers's mill				ago, next property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset mill=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Flour must be washed after grinding

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Flour	flour	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 washed	nsubj:pass
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 washed	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 washed	aux:pass
4	washed	wash	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	after	after	SCONJ	_	6 grinding	mark
6	grinding	grind	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 washed	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wash	must · passive		Flour					vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	grind	gerund							vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient

Option 2

The miller needed water to drink

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 miller	det
2	miller	miller	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 needed	nsubj
3	needed	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 needed	obj
5	to	to	PART	_	6 drink	mark
6	drink	drink	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 needed	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	past	the miller	water					tree rules
2	drink not said to happen	to-infinitive	water not said here						vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Flowing water turned the wheel that ground the flour

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Flowing	flow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 water	amod
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 turned	nsubj
3	turned	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 wheel	det
5	wheel	wheel	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 turned	obj
6	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 ground	det
7	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 wheel	appos
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 flour	det
9	flour	flour	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 turned	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	flow	gerund							vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	turn	past	Flowing water	the wheel					vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP ADJ.result»: agent=Agent wheel=Theme flour=Result

Option 4

Streams keep millstones cold

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Streams	stream	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 keep	nsubj
2	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	millstones	millstone	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 keep	obj
4	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 keep	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	present	Streams	millstones				cold property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent millstone=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/35-pulleys-gears-and-big-machines/t8/