Test 2 · Speed: fast and slow

Why does a plane high in the sky look like it is crawling, though it goes about 900 kilometres an hour?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: plane · What happens: look, crawl, go about · To what, where: 900 kilometres

This is test 2 of lesson 36 «Speed: fast and slow» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	9 look	advmod
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 look	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 plane	det
4	plane	plane	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 look	nsubj
5	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 plane	amod
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 sky	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 sky	det
8	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 high	obl
9	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
10	like	like	SCONJ	_	13 crawling	mark
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 crawling	nsubj
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 crawling	aux
13	crawling	crawl	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 look	advcl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 goes	punct
15	though	though	SCONJ	_	17 goes	mark
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 goes	nsubj
17	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 look	parataxis
18	about	about	ADV	_	19 900	advmod
19	900	900	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	20 kilometres	nummod
20	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 goes	obl:unmarked
21	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 hour	det
22	hour	hour	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 kilometres	nmod:unmarked
23	?	?	PUNCT	_	9 look	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	look	present · do-support	a plane		vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
2	crawl	present · progressive	plane		vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	go about	present	plane	900 kilometres a hour	vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

It is so far away that it seems to move slowly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 away	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 away	cop
3	so	so	ADV	_	5 away	advmod
4	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	5 away	advmod
5	away	away	ADV	_	root	root
6	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 seems	mark
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 seems	nsubj
8	seems	seem	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 away	advcl
9	to	to	PART	_	10 move	mark
10	move	move	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 seems	xcomp
11	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	10 move	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	is	present	It	away, far property	tree rules
2	seem	present	it		vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute
3	move	to-infinitive		slowly property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

It really does fly slowly when it is up that high

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 fly	nsubj
2	really	really	ADV	_	4 fly	advmod
3	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 fly	aux
4	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	4 fly	advmod
6	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	11 high	advmod
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 high	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 high	cop
9	up	up	ADP	_	11 high	case
10	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	11 high	nsubj
11	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 fly	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly	present · do-support	It					slowly property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	present	it					high property	tree rules

Option 3

The clouds and the thin air hold it back up there

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 clouds	det
2	clouds	cloud	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 hold	nsubj
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 air	cc
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 air	det
5	thin	thin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 air	amod
6	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 clouds	conj
7	hold	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 hold	obj
9	back	back	ADV	_	10 up	advmod
10	up	up	ADV	_	7 hold	advmod
11	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	7 hold	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	present	the clouds and the thin air	air		there			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 4

It is actually going backwards against the strong wind

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 going	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 going	aux
3	actually	actually	ADV	_	4 going	advmod
4	going	go	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	backwards	backwards	ADV	_	4 going	advmod
6	against	against	ADP	_	9 wind	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 wind	det
8	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 wind	amod
9	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 going	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	present · progressive	It			the strong wind		actually, backwards property	vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme against wind=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/36-speed-fast-and-slow/t2/