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Test 6 · Day and night, and the Moon's faces

In a cartoon, a crescent Moon has a star shining inside its dark part. What's wrong?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: crescent Moon, star · What happens: have, shine, be · To what, where: star, cartoon, dark part

This is test 6 of lesson 39 «Day and night, and the Moon's faces» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon, a crescent Moon has a star shining inside its dark part.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 has	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 cartoon	punct
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 Moon	det
6	crescent	crescent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 Moon	amod
7	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 has	nsubj
8	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 star	det
10	star	star	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 has	obj
11	shining	shine	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 star	acl
12	inside	inside	ADP	_	15 part	case
13	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 part	nmod:poss
14	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 part	amod
15	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 shining	obl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	a crescent Moon	a star		a cartoon			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent star=Patient
2	shine	gerund	a star not said here			Moon's dark part			vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme inside part=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What's wrong?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 wrong	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 wrong	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						wrong property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The Moon has a hole in it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Moon	det
2	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 has	nsubj
3	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 hole	det
5	hole	hole	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 it	case
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 hole	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	the Moon	a hole		hole			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hole=Patient

Option 2

Nothing, stars are closer than the Moon

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 closer	punct
3	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 closer	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 closer	cop
5	closer	close	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	1 Nothing	amod
6	than	than	ADP	_	8 Moon	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Moon	det
8	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 closer	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	stars					than the Moon; close property	tree rules

Option 3

The crescent should be blue

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 crescent	det
2	crescent	crescent	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 blue	nsubj
3	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 blue	aux
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 blue	cop
5	blue	blue	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	should	the crescent					blue property	tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The dark part is still the Moon, so it would hide any star behind it

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 part	det
2	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 part	amod
3	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 Moon	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 Moon	cop
5	still	still	ADV	_	7 Moon	advmod
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Moon	det
7	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 hide	punct
9	so	so	ADV	_	12 hide	advmod
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 hide	nsubj
11	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 hide	aux
12	hide	hide	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 Moon	acl:relcl
13	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	14 star	det
14	star	star	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 hide	obj
15	behind	behind	ADP	_	16 it	case
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 hide	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the dark part	the Moon			still		tree rules
2	hide	would	part	any star		star			vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent star=Patient behind it=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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