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Test 2 · Pushes and pulls: what makes things move and stop

In a cartoon a man stands in a rowing boat and blows into its sail to move it. What is wrong?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: man · What happens: stand, blow, move, be · To what, where: cartoon, sail

This is test 2 of lesson 4 «Pushes and pulls: what makes things move and stop» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon a man stands in a rowing boat and blows into its sail to move it.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stands	obl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 man	det
5	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stands	nsubj
6	stands	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	in	in	ADP	_	10 boat	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 boat	det
9	rowing	rowing	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 boat	compound
10	boat	boat	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stands	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 blows	cc
12	blows	blow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 stands	conj
13	into	into	ADP	_	15 sail	case
14	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 sail	nmod:poss
15	sail	sail	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 blows	obl
16	to	to	PART	_	17 move	mark
17	move	move	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 blows	advcl
18	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 move	obj
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 stands	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stand	present	a man			a cartoon		in a rowing boat	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in cartoon=Location
2	blow	present	a man not said here			boat's sail			vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent into sail=Product
3	move	to-infinitive	a man not said here	sail					vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is wrong?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 wrong	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 wrong	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						wrong property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Boats only move with engines

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Boats	boat	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 move	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 move	advmod
3	move	move	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	with	with	ADP	_	5 engines	case
5	engines	engine	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 move	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	move	present	Boats					with engines	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

His breath pushes the boat back, so it barely moves

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	His	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 breath	nmod:poss
2	breath	breath	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pushes	nsubj
3	pushes	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 boat	det
5	boat	boat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pushes	obj
6	back	back	ADV	_	3 pushes	advmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 moves	punct
8	so	so	ADV	_	11 moves	advmod
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 moves	nsubj
10	barely	barely	ADV	_	11 moves	advmod
11	moves	move	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 pushes	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	push back	present	His breath	the boat					vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boat=Theme
2	move	present	breath					barely property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Breath is too warm to push

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Breath	breath	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 warm	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 warm	cop
3	too	too	ADV	_	4 warm	advmod
4	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 push	mark
6	push	push	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 warm	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Breath					warm property	tree rules
2	push	to-infinitive	Breath not said here						vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Nothing, it works perfectly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	4 works	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 works	nsubj
4	works	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	perfectly	perfectly	ADV	_	4 works	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	work	present	Nothing					perfectly property	vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/4-pushes-and-pulls-move-and-stop/t2/