Test 8 · Pushes and pulls: what makes things move and stop
A football player kicks softly, then hard. Which is true?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: football player · What happens: kick, be
This is test 8 of lesson 4 «Pushes and pulls: what makes things move and stop» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: A football player kicks softly, then hard.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 player | det |
| 2 | football | football | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 player | compound |
| 3 | player | player | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 kicks | nsubj |
| 4 | kicks | kick | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | softly | softly | ADV | _ | 4 kicks | advmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 hard | punct |
| 7 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 8 hard | advmod |
| 8 | hard | hard | ADV | Degree=Pos | 4 kicks | advmod |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 kicks | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | kick | present | a football player | hard, softly property | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Which is true?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 3 true | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 true | cop |
| 3 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 true | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | true property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
The harder kick makes a faster ball
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 kick | det |
| 2 | harder | hard | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 3 kick | amod |
| 3 | kick | kick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 makes | nsubj |
| 4 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 ball | det |
| 6 | faster | fast | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 7 ball | amod |
| 7 | ball | ball | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 makes | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present | the harder kick | a faster ball | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset ball=Product |
Option 2
Kicks do not change the speed
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kicks | kick | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 change | nsubj |
| 2 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 change | aux |
| 3 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 change | advmod |
| 4 | change | change | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 speed | det |
| 6 | speed | speed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 change | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not change | present · do-support | Kicks | the speed | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent speed=Patient |
Option 3
Both kicks make the same speed
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 2 kicks | det |
| 2 | kicks | kick | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 make | nsubj |
| 3 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 speed | det |
| 5 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 speed | amod |
| 6 | speed | speed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 make | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present | both kicks | the same speed | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset speed=Product |
Option 4
The softer kick makes a faster ball
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 kick | det |
| 2 | softer | soft | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 3 kick | amod |
| 3 | kick | kick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 makes | nsubj |
| 4 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 ball | det |
| 6 | faster | fast | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 7 ball | amod |
| 7 | ball | ball | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 makes | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present | the softer kick | a faster ball | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset ball=Product |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/4-pushes-and-pulls-move-and-stop/t8/