Exam question 3 · Olympiad: forces, floating and machines ★★★

Select the statement which correctly describes a body of mass 1 kilogram carried to the Moon.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, statement · What happens: select, describe, carry · To what, where: statement, body, mass kilogram, Moon

This is exam question 3 of lesson 42 «Olympiad: forces, floating and machines ★★★» of the physics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 statement	det
3	statement	statement	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 describes	nsubj
5	correctly	correctly	ADV	_	6 describes	advmod
6	describes	describe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 statement	acl:relcl
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 body	det
8	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 describes	obj
9	of	of	ADP	_	12 kilogram	case
10	mass	mass	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 kilogram	compound
11	1	1	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	10 mass	flat
12	kilogram	kilogram	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 body	nmod
13	carried	carry	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	12 kilogram	acl
14	to	to	ADP	_	16 Moon	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 Moon	det
16	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 carried	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the statement			vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent statement=Theme
2	describe	present	the statement	a body of mass kilogram		correctly property	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent body=Theme
3	carry	participle		mass kilogram not said here	the Moon		vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to moon=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Its mass and its weight both fall to about one sixth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 mass	nmod:poss
2	mass	mass	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 fall	nsubj
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 weight	cc
4	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 weight	nmod:poss
5	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 mass	conj
6	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	7 fall	nsubj
7	fall	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	to	to	ADP	_	11 sixth	case
9	about	about	ADV	_	10 one	advmod
10	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 sixth	nummod
11	sixth	sixth	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 fall	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	present	Its mass and its weight					to one sixth	vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to sixth=Theme

Option 2

Its mass falls to zero and its weight is unchanged

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 mass	nmod:poss
2	mass	mass	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 falls	nsubj
3	falls	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	5 zero	case
5	zero	zero	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 falls	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 unchanged	cc
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 weight	nmod:poss
8	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 unchanged	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 unchanged	cop
10	unchanged	unchanged	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 falls	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	present	Its mass					to zero	vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to zero=Theme
2	is	present	mass's weight					unchanged property	tree rules

Option 3

Both its mass and its weight remain wholly unchanged

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	CCONJ	_	3 mass	cc:preconj
2	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 mass	nmod:poss
3	mass	mass	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 remain	nsubj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 weight	cc
5	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 weight	nmod:poss
6	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 mass	conj
7	remain	remain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	wholly	wholly	ADV	_	9 unchanged	advmod
9	unchanged	unchanged	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 remain	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	remain	present	its mass and its weight					unchanged property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Its mass is unchanged and its weight is about one sixth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 mass	nmod:poss
2	mass	mass	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 unchanged	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 unchanged	cop
4	unchanged	unchanged	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 sixth	cc
6	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 weight	nmod:poss
7	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 sixth	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 sixth	cop
9	about	about	ADV	_	10 one	advmod
10	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 sixth	nummod
11	sixth	sixth	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 unchanged	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Its mass					unchanged property	tree rules
2	is a	present	mass's weight	one sixth					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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