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Test 10 · ★ · Balance: the centre of gravity

A toy has a heavy bottom and is pushed over. What happens?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: toy · What happens: have, push over, happen · To what, where: heavy bottom

This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 8 «Balance: the centre of gravity» of the physics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A toy has a heavy bottom and is pushed over.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 toy	det
2	toy	toy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	nsubj
3	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 bottom	det
5	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 bottom	amod
6	bottom	bottom	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 pushed	cc
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 pushed	aux:pass
9	pushed	push	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 has	conj
10	over	over	ADV	_	9 pushed	advmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	a toy	a heavy bottom					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bottom=Patient
2	push over	present · passive	a toy not said here					over property	vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What happens?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	2 happens	nsubj
2	happens	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 happens	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	present							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It rolls back upright

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 rolls	nsubj
2	rolls	roll	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	back	back	ADV	_	2 rolls	advmod
4	upright	upright	ADV	_	2 rolls	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	roll back	present	It					upright property	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

It falls through the table

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 falls	nsubj
2	falls	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	through	through	ADP	_	5 table	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 table	det
5	table	table	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 falls	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	present	It			the table			vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through table=Location

Option 3

It stays lying down

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 stays	nsubj
2	stays	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	lying	lie	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 stays	xcomp
4	down	down	ADV	_	3 lying	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stay	present	It						tree rules
2	lie down	gerund						down property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

It spins on its side

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 spins	nsubj
2	spins	spin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	5 side	case
4	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 side	nmod:poss
5	side	side	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 spins	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spin	present	It			its side			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme on side=Trajectory

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/physics/8-balance-the-centre-of-gravity/t10/