Exam question 3 · What politics is: deciding things together

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the origin of laws in a democracy.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, origin

This is exam question 3 of lesson 1 «What politics is: deciding things together» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 origin	det
11	origin	origin	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 laws	case
13	laws	law	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 origin	nmod
14	in	in	ADP	_	16 democracy	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 democracy	det
16	democracy	democracy	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 laws	nmod
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the origin of laws in a democracy		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus origin=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Laws are determined exclusively by officers of the police

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Laws	law	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 determined	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 determined	aux:pass
3	determined	determine	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	_	3 determined	advmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 officers	case
6	officers	officer	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 determined	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 police	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 police	det
9	police	police	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 officers	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	determine	present · passive	officers of the police	Laws				exclusively property	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Topic

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Laws are made by representatives chosen by voters and may be amended or repealed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Laws	law	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 made	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 made	aux:pass
3	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 representatives	case
5	representatives	representative	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 made	obl
6	chosen	choose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 representatives	acl
7	by	by	ADP	_	8 voters	case
8	voters	voter	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 chosen	obl:agent
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 amended	cc
10	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 amended	aux
11	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	12 amended	aux:pass
12	amended	amend	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 made	conj
13	or	or	CCONJ	_	14 repealed	cc
14	repealed	repeal	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	12 amended	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	make	present · passive	representatives	Laws	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product
2	choose	participle		representatives not said here	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	amend	may · passive	representatives not said here		tree rules
4	repeal	participle	representatives not said here		tree rules

Option 3

Laws are composed by commercial enterprises for their own profit

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Laws	law	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 composed	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 composed	aux:pass
3	composed	compose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 enterprises	case
5	commercial	commercial	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 enterprises	amod
6	enterprises	enterprise	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 composed	obl
7	for	for	ADP	_	10 profit	case
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 profit	nmod:poss
9	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 profit	amod
10	profit	profit	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 composed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	compose	present · passive	commercial enterprises	Laws				for Laws's own profit	vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent subject=Result for profit=Beneficiary
2	profit		Laws = law						nom profit «possession intransitive»: poss=agent

Option 4

Laws arise spontaneously and are incapable of alteration

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Laws	law	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 arise	nsubj
2	arise	arise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	spontaneously	spontaneously	ADV	_	2 arise	advmod
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 incapable	cc
5	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 incapable	cop
6	incapable	incapable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 arise	conj
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 alteration	case
8	alteration	alteration	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 incapable	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	arise	present	Laws					spontaneously property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	present	Laws not said here					of alteration; incapable property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/1-what-politics-is-deciding-things-together/e3/