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Exam question 2 · Elections and voting: ballots, counting and winning

It is given that the margin between two candidates is exceedingly narrow. Which of the following most accurately characterises a subsequent recount?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: margin · What happens: give, be, follow, characteris · To what, where: It, subsequent recount

This is exam question 2 of lesson 2 «Elections and voting: ballots, counting and winning» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that the margin between two candidates is exceedingly narrow.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	12 narrow	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 margin	det
6	margin	margin	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 narrow	nsubj
7	between	between	ADP	_	9 candidates	case
8	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 candidates	nummod
9	candidates	candidate	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 margin	nmod
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 narrow	cop
11	exceedingly	exceedingly	ADV	_	12 narrow	advmod
12	narrow	narrow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 given	advcl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	is	present	the margin between two candidates					exceedingly, narrow property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which of the following most accurately characterises a subsequent recount?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	SCONJ	_	7 characterises	mark
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 characterises	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 characterises	csubj
5	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	6 accurately	advmod
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	7 characterises	advmod
7	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 recount	det
9	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 recount	amod
10	recount	recount	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 characterises	obj
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		a subsequent recount				accurately property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

An admission of fraud on the part of the candidate requesting it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 admission	det
2	admission	admission	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 fraud	case
4	fraud	fraud	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 admission	nmod
5	on	on	ADP	_	7 part	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 part	det
7	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 admission	nmod
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 candidate	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 candidate	det
10	candidate	candidate	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 part	nmod
11	requesting	request	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 candidate	acl
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 requesting	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	request	gerund	the candidate not said here	candidate					vn beg-58.2 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent it=Recipient
2	admit			fraud		the part of the candidate			nom admission «act transitive»: of=patient on=place

Option 2

An unlawful attempt to reverse the will of the electorate

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 attempt	det
2	unlawful	unlawful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 attempt	amod
3	attempt	attempt	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 reverse	mark
5	reverse	reverse	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 attempt	acl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 electorate	det
7	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 electorate	aux
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 electorate	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 electorate	det
10	electorate	electorate	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 reverse	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reverse	to-infinitive		the electorate					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent electorate=Patient

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

A customary verification of the result, implying no impropriety

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 verification	det
2	customary	customary	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 verification	compound
3	verification	verification	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 result	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 result	det
6	result	result	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 verification	nmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 implying	punct
8	implying	imply	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 verification	conj
9	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	10 impropriety	det
10	impropriety	impropriety	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 implying	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	imply	gerund		no impropriety					vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot impropriety=Topic
2	verify			the result					nom verification «cognition transitive»: of=patient

Option 4

A procedure available exclusively to the declared winner

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 procedure	det
2	procedure	procedure	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 available	obl:unmarked
3	available	available	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	_	3 available	advmod
5	to	to	ADP	_	8 winner	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 winner	det
7	declared	declare	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 winner	amod
8	winner	winner	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 available	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	declare speech: other	participle							vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/2-elections-and-voting-ballots-counting-and-winning/e2/