Test 10 · Elections and voting: ballots, counting and winning

In a video game, the hero wins an election by ripping down everyone else's posters. What is wrong?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: hero, everyone · What happens: win, rip down, post, be · To what, where: election, video game, posters

This is test 10 of lesson 2 «Elections and voting: ballots, counting and winning» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a video game, the hero wins an election by ripping down everyone else's posters.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	4 game	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 game	det
3	video	video	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 game	compound
4	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 wins	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 game	punct
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 hero	det
7	hero	hero	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 wins	nsubj
8	wins	win	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 election	det
10	election	election	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 wins	obj
11	by	by	SCONJ	_	12 ripping	mark
12	ripping	rip	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 wins	advcl
13	down	down	ADP	_	12 ripping	compound:prt
14	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	17 posters	nmod:poss
15	else	else	ADV	_	14 everyone	advmod
16	's	's	PART	_	14 everyone	case
17	posters	poster	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 ripping	obj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 wins	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	win	present	the hero	a election	a video game	vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent election=Eventuality
2	rip down	gerund	the hero not said here	everyone's posters		vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent poster=Patient
3	post		everyone			nom poster «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is wrong?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 wrong	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 wrong	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						wrong property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Damaging others' posters is wrong; real campaigns persuade with speeches, leaflets and visits

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Damaging	damage	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 wrong	csubj
2	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 posters	nmod:poss
3	'	's	PART	_	2 others	case
4	posters	poster	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Damaging	obj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 wrong	cop
6	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 persuade	punct
8	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 campaigns	amod
9	campaigns	campaign	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 persuade	nsubj
10	persuade	persuade	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 wrong	conj
11	with	with	ADP	_	12 speeches	case
12	speeches	speech	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 persuade	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 leaflets	punct
14	leaflets	leaflet	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 speeches	conj
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 visits	cc
16	visits	visit	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 speeches	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	damage	gerund		others's posters		vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent poster=Patient
2	is	present	Damaging		wrong property	tree rules
3	persuade	present	real campaigns		with speeches and leaflets and visits	vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	post		others			nom poster «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Option 2

Only the king is allowed to rip posters

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	5 allowed	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 king	det
3	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 allowed	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 allowed	aux:pass
5	allowed	allow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 rip	mark
7	rip	rip	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 allowed	xcomp
8	posters	poster	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 rip	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	allow	present · passive		the king					vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality
2	rip not said to happen	to-infinitive	the king not said here	posters					vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent poster=Patient

Option 3

Posters do not exist in real elections

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Posters	poster	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 exist	nsubj
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 exist	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 exist	advmod
4	exist	exist	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 elections	case
6	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 elections	amod
7	elections	election	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 exist	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not exist	present · do-support	Posters			real elections			vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in election=Location

Option 4

Nothing, ripping posters is how real campaigns work

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 ripping	punct
3	ripping	rip	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Nothing	conj
4	posters	poster	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 ripping	obj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 work	cop
6	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	9 work	advmod
7	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 campaigns	amod
8	campaigns	campaign	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 work	nsubj
9	work	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Nothing	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rip	gerund		posters					vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent poster=Patient
2	is	present	real campaigns					work property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/2-elections-and-voting-ballots-counting-and-winning/t10/