Test 6 · Elections and voting: ballots, counting and winning

What would happen if losing candidates never accepted fair results?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: candidates · What happens: happen, lose, not accept · To what, where: candidates, fair results

This is test 6 of lesson 2 «Elections and voting: ballots, counting and winning» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	if	if	SCONJ	_	5 losing	mark
5	losing	lose	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 happen	advcl
6	candidates	candidate	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 losing	obj
7	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	8 accepted	advmod
8	accepted	accept	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 candidates	acl:relcl
9	fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 results	amod
10	results	result	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 accepted	obj
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	happen	would			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	lose a condition, not said to happen	gerund		candidates	vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent candidate=Eventuality
3	not accept	past	candidates not said here	fair results	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent result=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Handing power to the winner could become a fight instead of peaceful

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Handing	hand	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 become	csubj
2	power	power	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Handing	obj
3	to	to	ADP	_	5 winner	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 winner	det
5	winner	winner	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Handing	obl
6	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 become	aux
7	become	become	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 fight	det
9	fight	fight	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 become	xcomp
10	instead	instead	ADV	ExtPos=ADP	12 peaceful	case
11	of	of	ADP	_	10 instead	fixed
12	peaceful	peaceful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 become	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hand	gerund		power		the winner			vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent power=Theme to winner=Destination
2	become	could	Handing	a fight				instead peaceful	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

Option 2

Nothing at all would change after elections

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	5 change	nsubj
2	at	at	ADP	_	3 all	case
3	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	1 Nothing	nmod
4	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 change	aux
5	change	change	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	after	after	ADP	_	7 elections	case
7	elections	election	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 change	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	would	Nothing				after elections		vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Elections would get faster and calmer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Elections	election	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 get	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 get	aux
3	get	get	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	faster	fast	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 get	xcomp
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 calmer	cc
6	calmer	calm	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 faster	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	get	would	Elections					fast property	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

The losing candidate would win automatically

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 candidate	det
2	losing	lose	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 candidate	amod
3	candidate	candidate	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 win	nsubj
4	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 win	aux
5	win	win	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	automatically	automatically	ADV	_	5 win	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose	gerund							vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	win	would	the losing candidate					automatically property	vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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