Exam question 2 · Healthcare: who pays when you are ill

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the principle "free at the point of use"?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris, point · To what, where: principle, use

This is exam question 2 of lesson 20 «Healthcare: who pays when you are ill» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 principle	det
10	principle	principle	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 free	punct
12	free	free	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 principle	amod
13	at	at	ADP	_	15 point	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 point	det
15	point	point	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 free	obl
16	of	of	ADP	_	17 use	case
17	use	use	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 point	nmod
18	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 free	punct
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the principle	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	point in a quote		use		nom point «cognition transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Care is provided without charge at the time of treatment, the cost having been met in advance through taxation

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Care	care	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 provided	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 provided	aux:pass
3	provided	provide	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	without	without	ADP	_	5 charge	case
5	charge	charge	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 provided	obl
6	at	at	ADP	_	8 time	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 time	det
8	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 provided	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 treatment	case
10	treatment	treatment	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 time	nmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 met	punct
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 cost	det
13	cost	cost	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 met	nsubj:pass
14	having	have	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	16 met	aux
15	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	16 met	aux:pass
16	met	meet	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 provided	conj
17	in	in	ADP	_	18 advance	case
18	advance	advance	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 met	obl
19	through	through	ADP	_	20 taxation	case
20	taxation	taxation	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 met	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	provide	present · passive		Care			time	without charge	vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	meet	gerund · perfect · passive		the cost		advance		through taxation	vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Agent

Option 2

Practitioners provide care without receiving remuneration, the service being entirely voluntary

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Practitioners	practitioner	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 provide	nsubj
2	provide	provide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	care	care	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 provide	obj
4	without	without	SCONJ	_	5 receiving	mark
5	receiving	receive	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 provide	advcl
6	remuneration	remuneration	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 receiving	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 voluntary	punct
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 service	det
9	service	service	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 voluntary	nsubj
10	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 voluntary	cop
11	entirely	entirely	ADV	_	12 voluntary	advmod
12	voluntary	voluntary	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 provide	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	provide	present	Practitioners	care		vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition care=Theme
2	receive	gerund	Practitioners not said here	remuneration		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent remuneration=Theme
3	is	gerund	the service		entirely, voluntary property	tree rules

Option 3

Care is provided without charge to visitors only, whereas residents pay in full at the time of treatment

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Care	care	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 provided	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 provided	aux:pass
3	provided	provide	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	without	without	ADP	_	5 charge	case
5	charge	charge	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 provided	obl
6	to	to	ADP	_	7 visitors	case
7	visitors	visitor	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 provided	obl
8	only	only	ADV	_	3 provided	advmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 pay	punct
10	whereas	whereas	SCONJ	_	12 pay	mark
11	residents	resident	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 pay	nsubj
12	pay	pay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 provided	conj
13	in	in	ADP	_	14 full	case
14	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 pay	obl
15	at	at	ADP	_	17 time	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 time	det
17	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 pay	obl
18	of	of	ADP	_	19 treatment	case
19	treatment	treatment	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 time	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	provide	present · passive		Care	visitors			without charge	vn fulfilling-13.4.1-2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to visitor=Recipient
2	pay	present	residents			full	time		vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4

The production of medicine incurs no cost to any party

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 production	det
2	production	production	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 incurs	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 medicine	case
4	medicine	medicine	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 production	nmod
5	incurs	incur	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	7 cost	det
7	cost	cost	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 incurs	obj
8	to	to	ADP	_	10 party	case
9	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	10 party	det
10	party	party	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 incurs	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	incur	present	the production of medicine	no cost				to any party	tree rules
2	produce			medicine					nom production «act transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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