Test 10 · Why wars happen and why they are hard to stop; the UN and…

A young teacher laughs: «I'm literally dead, the kids think war's like their video game.» What would a veteran most likely say?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: young teacher, I, kids, veteran · What happens: laugh, be, think, say · To what, where: war · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 10 of lesson 23 «Why wars happen and why they are hard to stop; the UN and NATO» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A young teacher laughs: «I'm literally dead, the kids think war's like their video game.»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 teacher	det
2	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 teacher	amod
3	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 laughs	nsubj
4	laughs	laugh	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 dead	punct
6	«	«	PUNCT	_	10 dead	punct
7	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	10 dead	nsubj
8	'm	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 dead	cop
9	literally	literally	ADV	_	10 dead	advmod
10	dead	dead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 laughs	ccomp
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 think	punct
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 kids	det
13	kids	kid	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 think	nsubj
14	think	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 laughs	conj
15	war	war	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 think	obj
16	's	's	PART	_	15 war	case
17	like	like	ADP	_	20 game	case
18	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	20 game	nmod:poss
19	video	video	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 game	compound
20	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 think	obl
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 laughs	punct
22	»	»	PUNCT	_	4 laughs	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	laugh	present	a young teacher			vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is in a quote	present	I		dead, literally property	tree rules
3	think speech: other in a quote	present	the kids	war	like kids's video game	vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot war=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What would a veteran most likely say?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	7 say	obj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 say	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 veteran	det
4	veteran	veteran	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 say	nsubj
5	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	6 likely	advmod
6	likely	likely	ADV	_	7 say	advmod
7	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 say	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	would	a veteran					likely property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic

The options

Option 1

Real war is exactly like a video game, only louder

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 war	amod
2	war	war	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 game	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 game	cop
4	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	8 game	advmod
5	like	like	ADP	_	8 game	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 game	det
7	video	video	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 game	compound
8	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 game	punct
10	only	only	ADV	_	11 louder	advmod
11	louder	loud	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	8 game	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Real war					like a video game; exactly property	tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Real war lasts years and hurts families; it's nothing like a game

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 war	amod
2	war	war	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lasts	nsubj
3	lasts	last	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 lasts	obl:unmarked
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 hurts	cc
6	hurts	hurt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 lasts	conj
7	families	family	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 hurts	obj
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	11 nothing	punct
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 nothing	nsubj
10	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 nothing	cop
11	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	3 lasts	obl
12	like	like	ADP	_	14 game	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 game	det
14	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 nothing	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	last	present	Real war		year		vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme
2	hurt	present	Real war not said here	families			vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer family=Patient
3	is a	present	war	nothing		like a game	tree rules

Option 3

Soldiers who fall come back to life, just like in games

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Soldiers	soldier	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 come	nsubj
2	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 fall	nsubj
3	fall	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Soldiers	acl:relcl
4	come	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	back	back	ADV	_	4 come	advmod
6	to	to	ADP	_	7 life	case
7	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 come	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 games	punct
9	just	just	ADV	_	12 games	advmod
10	like	like	ADP	_	12 games	case
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 games	case
12	games	game	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 come	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	present	Soldiers						vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	come back	present	Soldiers			life		like games	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to life=Initial_Location

Option 4

Real wars are over in one round of fighting, then everyone goes home

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 wars	amod
2	wars	war	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 round	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 round	cop
4	over	over	ADV	_	7 round	advmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 round	case
6	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 round	nummod
7	round	round	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	of	of	SCONJ	_	9 fighting	mark
9	fighting	fight	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 round	acl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 goes	punct
11	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	13 goes	advmod
12	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	13 goes	nsubj
13	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 round	conj
14	home	home	ADV	_	13 goes	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Real wars	one round		over property	tree rules
2	fight	gerund	one round not said here				vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	go	present	everyone		then	home property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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