Exam question 3 · Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the status of Crimea as regarded by most states?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris, regard · To what, where: status

This is exam question 3 of lesson 24 «Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 status	det
10	status	status	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 Crimea	case
12	Crimea	Crimea	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 status	nmod
13	as	as	SCONJ	_	14 regarded	mark
14	regarded	regard	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 status	acl
15	by	by	ADP	_	17 states	case
16	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	17 states	amod
17	states	state	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 regarded	obl
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the status of Crimea	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	regard	participle	the status of Crimea not said here	by most states	vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Crimea, over which Russian forces assumed control in 2014, remains part of Ukraine

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Crimea	crimea	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 remains	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 control	punct
3	over	over	ADP	_	4 which	case
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 control	nsubj
5	Russian	Russian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 forces	amod
6	forces	force	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 control	nsubj
7	assumed	assume	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 control	amod
8	control	control	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Crimea	acl:relcl
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 2014	case
10	2014	2014	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	8 control	nmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Crimea	punct
12	remains	remain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
13	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 remains	obj
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 Ukraine	case
15	Ukraine	Ukraine	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 part	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	assume	participle				vn adopt-93.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	control		Crimea		2014	tree rules
3	remain	present	Crimea	part of Ukraine		vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme part=Attribute

Option 2

Crimea was transferred voluntarily by Ukraine to Turkey

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Crimea	Crimea	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 transferred	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 transferred	aux:pass
3	transferred	transfer	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	voluntarily	voluntarily	ADV	_	3 transferred	advmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 Ukraine	case
6	Ukraine	Ukraine	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 transferred	obl
7	to	to	ADP	_	8 Turkey	case
8	Turkey	Turkey	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 transferred	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	transfer	past · passive	Ukraine	Crimea	Turkey			voluntarily property	vn contribute-13.2-2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent subject=Theme to turkey=Recipient

Option 3

Crimea has constituted part of the French Republic since 1945

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Crimea	crimea	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 constituted	nsubj:pass
2	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 constituted	aux
3	constituted	constitute	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 constituted	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	8 Republic	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Republic	det
7	French	French	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 Republic	amod
8	Republic	Republic	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 part	nmod
9	since	since	ADP	_	10 1945	case
10	1945	1945	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 constituted	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present · perfect · passive		Crimea			since 1945		tree rules

Option 4

Crimea is an independent state recognised by all members of the United Nations

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Crimea	crimea	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 state	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 state	cop
3	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 state	det
4	independent	independent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 state	amod
5	state	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	recognised	recognise	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 state	acl
7	by	by	ADP	_	9 members	case
8	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	9 members	det
9	members	member	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 recognised	obl:agent
10	of	of	ADP	_	13 Nations	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 Nations	det
12	United	United	PROPN	_	13 Nations	compound
13	Nations	Nation	PROPN	Number=Plur	9 members	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Crimea	a independent state					tree rules
2	recognise	participle		a independent state not said here					vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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