Exam question 2 · Israel and Gaza: what happened, as widely reported

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the casualty figures published by the Gaza health ministry?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris, publish · To what, where: casualty figures

This is exam question 2 of lesson 26 «Israel and Gaza: what happened, as widely reported» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 figures	det
10	casualty	casualty	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 figures	compound
11	figures	figure	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obj
12	published	publish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 figures	acl
13	by	by	ADP	_	17 ministry	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 ministry	det
15	Gaza	Gaza	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 ministry	compound
16	health	health	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 ministry	compound
17	ministry	ministry	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 published	obl
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the casualty figures	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	publish	participle	the casualty figures not said here	by the Gaza health ministry	vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

They are accepted by all parties without any qualification

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 accepted	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 accepted	aux:pass
3	accepted	accept	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 parties	case
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 parties	det
6	parties	party	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 accepted	obl:agent
7	without	without	ADP	_	9 qualification	case
8	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	9 qualification	det
9	qualification	qualification	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 accepted	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	accept	present · passive	all parties	They				without any qualification	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

Option 2

They record that no persons died

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 record	nsubj
2	record	record	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	6 died	mark
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 persons	det
5	persons	person	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 died	nsubj
6	died	die	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 record	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	record	present	They						tree rules
2	die	past	no persons						vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

Option 3

They were compiled by the Israeli army, which publishes them daily together with its own estimates of the number of fighters killed in the course of the conflict

The tree, 28 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 compiled	nsubj
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 compiled	aux:pass
3	compiled	compile	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	7 army	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 army	det
6	Israeli	Israeli	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 army	amod
7	army	army	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 compiled	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 publishes	punct
9	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 publishes	nsubj
10	publishes	publish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 army	acl:relcl
11	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 publishes	obj
12	daily	daily	ADV	_	13 together	advmod
13	together	together	ADV	_	3 compiled	advmod
14	with	with	ADP	_	17 estimates	case
15	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 estimates	nmod:poss
16	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 estimates	amod
17	estimates	estimate	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 compiled	obl
18	of	of	ADP	_	20 number	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 number	det
20	number	number	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 estimates	nmod
21	of	of	ADP	_	22 fighters	case
22	fighters	fighter	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 number	nmod
23	killed	kill	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	22 fighters	acl
24	in	in	ADP	_	26 course	case
25	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	26 course	det
26	course	course	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 killed	obl
27	of	of	ADP	_	29 conflict	case
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 conflict	det
29	conflict	conflict	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 course	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	compile	past · passive	the Israeli army	They		with army's own estimates of the number of fighters; together property	vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Product
2	publish	present	the Israeli army	them = they			vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Result
3	kill	participle		fighters not said here	the course of the conflict		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
4	estimate		army	the number of fighters			nom estimate «cognition transitive»: poss=agent of=patient

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

They are issued by a ministry of the Hamas-run government, are disputed by Israel, and in past conflicts were judged by the UN to have been fairly close

The tree, 29 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 issued	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 issued	aux:pass
3	issued	issue	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 ministry	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 ministry	det
6	ministry	ministry	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 issued	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	12 government	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 government	det
9	Hamas	Hamas	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 run	compound
10	-	-	PUNCT	_	9 Hamas	punct
11	run	run	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	12 government	amod
12	government	government	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 ministry	nmod
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 disputed	punct
14	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 disputed	aux:pass
15	disputed	dispute	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 issued	conj
16	by	by	ADP	_	17 Israel	case
17	Israel	Israel	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 disputed	obl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 judged	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 judged	cc
20	in	in	ADP	_	22 conflicts	case
21	past	past	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 conflicts	amod
22	conflicts	conflict	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 judged	obl
23	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	24 judged	aux:pass
24	judged	judge	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 issued	parataxis
25	by	by	ADP	_	27 UN	case
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 UN	det
27	UN	UN	PROPN	Number=Sing	24 judged	obl:agent
28	to	to	PART	_	32 close	mark
29	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	32 close	aux
30	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	32 close	cop
31	fairly	fairly	ADV	_	32 close	advmod
32	close	close	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 judged	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	issue	present · passive	a ministry of the run government	They			vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location subject=Theme
2	run	participle					vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	dispute	present · passive	Israel				vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	judge	past · passive	the UN		past conflicts		vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V whether/if S»: agent=Agent
5	is	to-infinitive · perfect	the UN not said here			close, fairly property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/26-israel-and-gaza-what-happened-as-widely-reported/e2/