Exam question 1 · Who can vote, and why children cannot

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the minimum voting age in the majority of jurisdictions?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: minimum voting age, majority

This is exam question 1 of lesson 3 «Who can vote, and why children cannot» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 age	det
10	minimum	minimum	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 age	amod
11	voting	voting	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 age	compound
12	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
13	in	in	ADP	_	15 majority	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 majority	det
15	majority	majority	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obl
16	of	of	ADP	_	17 jurisdictions	case
17	jurisdictions	jurisdiction	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 majority	nmod
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the minimum voting age		the majority of jurisdictions		of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

A privilege conferred upon persons of fame or wealth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 privilege	det
2	privilege	privilege	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	conferred	confer	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 privilege	acl
4	upon	upon	ADP	_	5 persons	case
5	persons	person	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 conferred	obl
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 fame	case
7	fame	fame	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 persons	nmod
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 wealth	cc
9	wealth	wealth	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 fame	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	confer	participle		a privilege not said here				upon persons of fame or wealth	vn chit_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

A provision that varies according to the height of the individual

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 provision	det
2	provision	provision	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 varies	nsubj
4	varies	vary	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 provision	acl:relcl
5	according	accord	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 varies	xcomp
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 height	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 height	det
8	height	height	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 varies	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 individual	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 individual	det
11	individual	individual	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 height	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	vary	present	a provision					to the height of the individual	tree rules
2	accord	gerund	a provision not said here						vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

A threshold fixed by law at a given age, irrespective of knowledge or ability

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 threshold	det
2	threshold	threshold	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	fixed	fix	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 threshold	acl
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 law	case
5	law	law	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 fixed	obl
6	at	at	ADP	_	9 age	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 age	det
8	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 age	amod
9	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 fixed	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 knowledge	punct
11	irrespective	irrespective	ADV	_	13 knowledge	advmod
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 knowledge	case
13	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 threshold	conj
14	or	or	CCONJ	_	15 ability	cc
15	ability	ability	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 knowledge	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fix	participle		a threshold and knowledge or ability not said here			at a given age	by law	vn price-54.4 «NP V NP PP.value»: agent=Agent at age=Value
2	give	participle							vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient

Option 4

An assessment of the intellectual capacity of each prospective elector in turn

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 assessment	det
2	assessment	assessment	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	6 capacity	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 capacity	det
5	intellectual	intellectual	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 capacity	amod
6	capacity	capacity	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 assessment	nmod
7	of	of	ADP	_	10 elector	case
8	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	10 elector	det
9	prospective	prospective	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 elector	amod
10	elector	elector	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 capacity	nmod
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 turn	case
12	turn	turn	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 elector	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	assess			the intellectual capacity of each prospective elector in turn					nom assessment «cognition transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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