Test 6 · ★ · Who can vote, and why children cannot Grandad says, "In my day we showed nothing. Now photo ID? Don't have a cow, it's to stop cheating." ("Don't have a cow" means calm down.) Which is fair?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: Grandad, we, you, ID · What happens: say, show, not have, be, cheat, mean · To what, where: nothing, cow · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 6 · ★ of lesson 3 «Who can vote, and why children cannot» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Grandad says, "In my day we showed nothing.
nsubj punct punct case nmod:poss obl nsubj ccomp obj punct root Grandad PROPN says VERB , PUNCT " PUNCT In ADP my PRON day NOUN we PRON showed VERB nothing PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandad Grandad PROPN Number=Sing 2 says nsubj 2 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 9 showed punct 4 " " PUNCT _ 9 showed punct 5 In in ADP _ 7 day case 6 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 day nmod:poss 7 day day NOUN Number=Sing 9 showed obl 8 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 9 showed nsubj 9 showed show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 says ccomp 10 nothing nothing PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 9 showed obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 says punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present Grandad vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 show in a quote past we nothing day vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent nothing=Recipient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Now photo ID?
advmod compound punct root Now ADV photo NOUN ID NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Now now ADV PronType=Dem 3 ID advmod 2 photo photo NOUN Number=Sing 3 ID compound 3 ID id NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 ID punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Sentence 3: Don't have a cow, it's to stop cheating."
aux advmod det obj punct nsubj cop mark conj xcomp punct punct root Do AUX n't PART have VERB a DET cow NOUN , PUNCT it PRON 's AUX to PART stop VERB cheating VERB . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 have aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 have advmod 3 have have VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 cow det 5 cow cow NOUN Number=Sing 3 have obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 10 stop punct 7 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 stop nsubj 8 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 stop cop 9 to to PART _ 10 stop mark 10 stop stop VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 have conj 11 cheating cheat VERB VerbForm=Ger 10 stop xcomp 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 have punct 13 " " PUNCT _ 3 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not have imperative · do-support you not said here a cow vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cow=Patient 2 is present ID stop property tree rules 3 cheat gerund ID not said here vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Sentence 4: ("Don't have a cow" means calm down.)
punct punct aux advmod ccomp det obj punct ccomp compound:prt punct punct root ( PUNCT " PUNCT Do AUX n't PART have VERB a DET cow NOUN " PUNCT means VERB calm VERB down ADP . PUNCT ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 5 have punct 2 " " PUNCT _ 5 have punct 3 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 5 have aux 4 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 5 have advmod 5 have have VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 means ccomp 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 cow det 7 cow cow NOUN Number=Sing 5 have obj 8 " " PUNCT _ 5 have punct 9 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 10 calm calm VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 means ccomp 11 down down ADP _ 10 calm compound:prt 12 . . PUNCT _ 9 means punct 13 ) ) PUNCT _ 9 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not have in a quote infinitive · do-support a cow vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cow=Patient 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 calm down infinitive vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Sentence 5: Which is fair?
nsubj cop punct root Which PRON is AUX fair ADJ ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Which which PRON PronType=Rel 3 fair nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 fair cop 3 fair fair ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 fair punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present fair property tree rules
The options Option 1 ID was invented to make grandads cross
nsubj:pass aux:pass mark advcl obj xcomp root ID NOUN was AUX invented VERB to PART make VERB grandads NOUN cross VERB The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ID id NOUN Number=Sing 3 invented nsubj:pass 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 invented aux:pass 3 invented invent VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 to to PART _ 5 make mark 5 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 invented advcl 6 grandads grandad NOUN Number=Plur 5 make obj 7 cross cross VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 make xcomp
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 invent past · passive ID vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result 2 make to-infinitive grandads tree rules 3 cross infinitive grandads not said here vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Option 2 ID means cheating is now impossible forever
nsubj nsubj cop advmod ccomp advmod root ID NOUN means VERB cheating NOUN is AUX now ADV impossible ADJ forever ADV The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ID id NOUN Number=Sing 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 cheating cheating NOUN Number=Sing 6 impossible nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 impossible cop 5 now now ADV PronType=Dem 6 impossible advmod 6 impossible impossible ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means ccomp 7 forever forever ADV _ 6 impossible advmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present ID vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 2 is present cheating now forever, impossible property tree rules
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer ID aims to stop cheating; others say it was rare and may stop honest voters
The tree, 15 words nsubj mark xcomp xcomp punct nsubj parataxis nsubj cop ccomp cc aux conj amod obj root ID NOUN aims VERB to PART stop VERB cheating VERB ; PUNCT others NOUN say VERB it PRON was AUX rare ADJ and CCONJ may AUX stop VERB honest ADJ voters NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ID id NOUN Number=Sing 2 aims nsubj 2 aims aim VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 stop mark 4 stop stop VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 aims xcomp 5 cheating cheat VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 stop xcomp 6 ; ; PUNCT _ 8 say punct 7 others other NOUN Number=Plur 8 say nsubj 8 say say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 aims parataxis 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 rare nsubj 10 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 rare cop 11 rare rare ADJ Degree=Pos 8 say ccomp 12 and and CCONJ _ 14 stop cc 13 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 14 stop aux 14 stop stop VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 aims conj 15 honest honest ADJ Degree=Pos 16 voters amod 16 voters voter NOUN Number=Plur 14 stop obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 aim present ID vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 2 stop not said to happen to-infinitive ID not said here vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality 3 cheat gerund ID not said here vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 4 say speech: assert present others vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 5 is past ID rare property tree rules 6 stop may ID not said here honest voters vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality voter=Eventuality
Option 4 ID is only needed for postal votes
nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod case amod obl root ID NOUN is AUX only ADV needed VERB for ADP postal ADJ votes NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ID id NOUN Number=Sing 4 needed nsubj:pass 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 needed aux:pass 3 only only ADV _ 4 needed advmod 4 needed need VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 for for ADP _ 7 votes case 6 postal postal ADJ Degree=Pos 7 votes amod 7 votes vote NOUN Number=Plur 4 needed obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need present · passive ID for postal votes vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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