Exam question 3 · Algorithms, bubbles and false balance

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the scientific consensus on the warming of the Earth.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts, Earth · What happens: select, establish, concern, warm · To what, where: response, scientific consensus, warming

This is exam question 3 of lesson 34 «Algorithms, bubbles and false balance» of the politics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 consensus	det
11	scientific	scientific	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 consensus	amod
12	consensus	consensus	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
13	on	on	ADP	_	15 warming	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 warming	det
15	warming	warming	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 consensus	nmod
16	of	of	ADP	_	18 Earth	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 Earth	det
18	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 warming	nmod
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle					vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the scientific consensus	the warming of the Earth		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus consensus=Experiencer
4	warm		the Earth				nom warming «process intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

No investigation of the question has been undertaken

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	2 investigation	det
2	investigation	investigation	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 undertaken	nsubj:pass
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 question	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 question	det
5	question	question	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 investigation	nmod
6	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 undertaken	aux
7	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	8 undertaken	aux:pass
8	undertaken	undertake	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	undertake	present · perfect · passive		no investigation of the question					vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality
2	investigate			the question					nom investigation «cognition transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

Climate scientists are evenly divided upon the question, and the evidence favours neither position

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Climate	climate	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 scientists	compound
2	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 divided	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 divided	aux:pass
4	evenly	evenly	ADV	_	5 divided	advmod
5	divided	divide	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	upon	upon	ADP	_	8 question	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 question	det
8	question	question	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 divided	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 favours	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 favours	cc
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 evidence	det
12	evidence	evidence	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 favours	nsubj
13	favours	favour	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 divided	conj
14	neither	neither	DET	PronType=Neg	15 position	det
15	position	position	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 favours	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	divide	present · passive		Climate scientists				upon the question; evenly property	vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	favour	present	the evidence	neither position					tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

The majority of climate scientists hold that the Earth is cooling

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 majority	det
2	majority	majority	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 scientists	compound
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 climate	case
4	climate	climate	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 majority	nmod
5	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 hold	nsubj
6	hold	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	that	that	SCONJ	_	11 cooling	mark
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Earth	det
9	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 cooling	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 cooling	cop
11	cooling	cooling	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hold	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	present	majority scientists						vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is a	present	the Earth	cooling					tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The majority of climate scientists hold that the Earth is warming owing to human activity

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 majority	det
2	majority	majority	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hold	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 climate	case
4	climate	climate	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 majority	nmod
5	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 hold	nsubj
6	hold	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	that	that	SCONJ	_	11 warming	mark
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Earth	det
9	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 warming	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 warming	aux
11	warming	warm	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 hold	advcl
12	owing	owe	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 warming	xcomp
13	to	to	ADP	_	15 activity	case
14	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 activity	amod
15	activity	activity	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 owing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	hold	present	the majority of climate		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	warm	present · progressive	the Earth		tree rules
3	owe	gerund	the Earth not said here	to human activity goal	vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to activity=Goal

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/34-algorithms-bubbles-and-false-balance/e3/