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Test 3 · ★★★ · Olympiad: fair votes, close counts and who decides ★★★

Jake from Texas: "y'all, how'd the president win with fewer votes across the whole country??" What is the best answer?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: president, best answer · What happens: win, be · To what, where: whole country

This is test 3 · ★★★ of lesson 41 «Olympiad: fair votes, close counts and who decides ★★★» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Jake from Texas: "y'all, how'd the president win with fewer votes across the whole country??"

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Jake	Jake	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 y'all	nsubj
2	from	from	ADP	_	3 Texas	case
3	Texas	Texas	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Jake	nmod
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 y'all	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 y'all	punct
6	y'all	y'all	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 win	punct
8	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	12 win	advmod
9	'd	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 win	aux
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 president	det
11	president	president	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 win	nsubj
12	win	win	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 y'all	conj
13	with	with	ADP	_	15 votes	case
14	fewer	few	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	15 votes	amod
15	votes	vote	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 win	obl
16	across	across	ADP	_	19 country	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 country	det
18	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 country	amod
19	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 win	obl
20	??	??	PUNCT	_	6 y'all	punct
21	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 y'all	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	win in a quote	would	the president			the whole country		with fewer votes	vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is the best answer?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 answer	det
4	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 answer	amod
5	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the best answer						tree rules

The options

Option 1

The votes from Texas were all thrown away

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 votes	det
2	votes	vote	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 thrown	nsubj:pass
3	from	from	ADP	_	4 Texas	case
4	Texas	Texas	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 votes	nmod
5	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 thrown	aux:pass
6	all	all	ADV	_	7 thrown	advmod
7	thrown	throw	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
8	away	away	ADV	_	7 thrown	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	throw away	past · passive		the votes from Texas				all, away property	vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 2

Votes from red states count double everywhere

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Votes	vote	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 count	nsubj
2	from	from	ADP	_	4 states	case
3	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 states	amod
4	states	state	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Votes	nmod
5	count	count	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	double	double	ADV	_	5 count	advmod
7	everywhere	everywhere	ADV	PronType=Tot	5 count	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	count	present	Votes from red states					double, everywhere property	vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The race is won state by state, so the national total can lose

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 race	det
2	race	race	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 won	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 won	aux:pass
4	won	win	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	state	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 won	obj
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 state	case
7	state	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 won	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 lose	punct
9	so	so	ADV	_	14 lose	advmod
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 total	det
11	national	national	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 total	amod
12	total	total	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 lose	nsubj
13	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 lose	aux
14	lose	lose	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 won	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	win	present · passive	state	the race					vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent subject=Beneficiary state=Theme
2	lose	can	the national total						vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

It must be a mistake, since more votes in the country always win the race

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 mistake	nsubj
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 mistake	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 mistake	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 mistake	det
5	mistake	mistake	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 mistake	punct
7	since	since	SCONJ	_	14 win	mark
8	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	9 votes	amod
9	votes	vote	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 win	nsubj
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 country	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 country	det
12	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 votes	nmod
13	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	14 win	advmod
14	win	win	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 mistake	advcl
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 race	det
16	race	race	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 win	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	must	It	a mistake					tree rules
2	win	present	more votes in the country	the race				always property	vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent race=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/politics/41-olympiad-fair-votes-close-counts-and-who-decides/t3/