Test 3 · ★★ · Congress and Parliament: how a law is made

What would happen if a bill skipped the committee stage and went straight to a final vote?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: bill · What happens: happen, skip, go · To what, where: committee stage, final vote

This is test 3 · ★★ of lesson 6 «Congress and Parliament: how a law is made» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	if	if	SCONJ	_	7 skipped	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 bill	det
6	bill	bill	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 skipped	nsubj
7	skipped	skip	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	advcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 stage	det
9	committee	committee	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 stage	compound
10	stage	stage	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 skipped	obj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 went	cc
12	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 skipped	conj
13	straight	straight	ADV	_	17 vote	advmod
14	to	to	ADP	_	17 vote	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 vote	det
16	final	final	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 vote	amod
17	vote	vote	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 went	obl
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	happen	would				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	skip a condition, not said to happen	past	a bill	the committee stage		vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stage=Agent
3	go	past	a bill not said here		a final vote	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to vote=Initial_Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The bill would turn into a petition

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 bill	det
2	bill	bill	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 turn	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 turn	aux
4	turn	turn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	into	into	ADP	_	7 petition	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 petition	det
7	petition	petition	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 turn	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	would	the bill			a petition			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into petition=Trajectory

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Mistakes in the wording might not be spotted before everyone had to obey it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mistakes	mistake	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 spotted	nsubj:pass
2	in	in	ADP	_	4 wording	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 wording	det
4	wording	wording	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Mistakes	nmod
5	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 spotted	aux
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 spotted	advmod
7	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	8 spotted	aux:pass
8	spotted	spot	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
9	before	before	SCONJ	_	11 had	mark
10	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	11 had	nsubj
11	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 spotted	advcl
12	to	to	PART	_	13 obey	mark
13	obey	obey	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 had	xcomp
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 obey	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	not spot	might · passive		Mistakes in the wording	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Destination
2	have	past	everyone		tree rules
3	obey	to-infinitive	everyone not said here	wording	vn abide_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 3

The law would definitely turn out better and fairer, because it would be quicker

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 law	det
2	law	law	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 turn	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 turn	aux
4	definitely	definitely	ADV	_	5 turn	advmod
5	turn	turn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	out	out	ADP	_	5 turn	compound:prt
7	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 turn	xcomp
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 fairer	cc
9	fairer	fair	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	7 better	conj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 quicker	punct
11	because	because	SCONJ	_	15 quicker	mark
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 quicker	nsubj
13	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 quicker	aux
14	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	15 quicker	cop
15	quicker	quick	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 turn	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn out	would	the law					definitely, good property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	would	law					quick property	tree rules

Option 4

Nothing; committees never change anything

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	root	root
2	;	;	PUNCT	_	5 change	punct
3	committees	committee	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 change	nsubj
4	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	5 change	advmod
5	change	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Nothing	conj
6	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	5 change	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not change	present	committees	anything					vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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