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Test 3 · ★★★ · The King, the courts and the rules above the rules

A kid in Texas says, "Free speech, bro, so the teacher can't give me detention for being rude. No cap." What is the truth?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: kid, teacher, truth · What happens: say, not give, be · To what, where: Free speech, detention, kid · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 3 · ★★★ of lesson 7 «The King, the courts and the rules above the rules» of the politics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A kid in Texas says, "Free speech, bro, so the teacher can't give me detention for being rude.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 kid	det
2	kid	kid	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 says	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 Texas	case
4	Texas	Texas	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 kid	nmod
5	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 speech	punct
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 speech	punct
8	Free	free	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 speech	amod
9	speech	speech	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 says	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 bro	punct
11	bro	bro	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 speech	conj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 give	punct
13	so	so	ADV	_	18 give	advmod
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 teacher	det
15	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 give	nsubj
16	ca	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	18 give	aux
17	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	18 give	advmod
18	give	give	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 says	conj
19	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	18 give	iobj
20	detention	detention	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 give	obj
21	for	for	ADP	_	23 rude	case
22	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	23 rude	cop
23	rude	rude	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 give	obl
24	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a kid in Texas	Free speech and bro					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent speech=Topic
2	not give in a quote	can	the teacher	detention	a kid in Texas = kid				vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient detention=Theme
3	is in a quote	gerund						rude property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: No cap."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	2 cap	det
2	cap	cap	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 cap	punct
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 cap	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Sentence 3: What is the truth?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 truth	det
4	truth	truth	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the truth						tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He's right, schools can never have rules about talking

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 have	punct
5	schools	school	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 have	nsubj
6	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 have	aux
7	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	8 have	advmod
8	have	have	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 right	conj
9	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 have	obj
10	about	about	SCONJ	_	11 talking	mark
11	talking	talk	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 rules	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	He					right property	tree rules
2	not have	can	schools	rules					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Patient
3	talk	gerund	rules not said here						vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Free speech means you must say whatever the teacher says

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Free	free	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 speech	amod
2	speech	speech	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 means	nsubj
3	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	6 say	nsubj
5	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 say	aux
6	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 means	ccomp
7	whatever	whatever	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 says	obj
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 teacher	det
9	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 says	nsubj
10	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 say	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Free speech						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	say speech: assert	must	you						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	say speech: assert	present	the teacher	whatever					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent whatever=Topic

Option 3

He's right, but only in Texas

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 Texas	punct
5	but	but	CCONJ	_	8 Texas	cc
6	only	only	ADV	_	8 Texas	advmod
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 Texas	case
8	Texas	Texas	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 right	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	He			Texas		right property	tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Free speech stops the government punishing speech; school rules still apply

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Free	free	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 speech	amod
2	speech	speech	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stops	nsubj
3	stops	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 government	det
5	government	government	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stops	obj
6	punishing	punish	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 stops	xcomp
7	speech	speech	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 punishing	obj
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	12 apply	punct
9	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 rules	compound
10	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 apply	nsubj
11	still	still	ADV	_	12 apply	advmod
12	apply	apply	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 stops	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	present	Free speech	the government					tree rules
2	punish	gerund	Free speech not said here	speech					vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent speech=Patient
3	apply	present	school rules				still		vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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