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Exam question 2 · The lie nobody found out: carrying a secret

It is given that a pupil allowed another to bear the blame for his own act. Determine the course of action consistent with integrity.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: pupil, you · What happens: give, allow, bear, act, determine · To what, where: It, pupil, blame, course

This is exam question 2 of lesson 15 «The lie nobody found out: carrying a secret» of the reflection course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that a pupil allowed another to bear the blame for his own act.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	7 allowed	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 pupil	det
6	pupil	pupil	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 allowed	nsubj:pass
7	allowed	allow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 given	advcl
8	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	7 allowed	obj
9	to	to	PART	_	10 bear	mark
10	bear	bear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 allowed	xcomp
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 blame	det
12	blame	blame	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 bear	obj
13	for	for	ADP	_	16 act	case
14	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 act	nmod:poss
15	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 act	amod
16	act	act	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 bear	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	allow	participle · passive		a pupil					tree rules
3	bear not said to happen	to-infinitive	a pupil not said here	the blame				for pupil's own act	vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer blame=Stimulus for act=Attribute
4	act		pupil						nom act «communication intransitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Determine the course of action consistent with integrity.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Determine	determine	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 course	det
3	course	course	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Determine	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 action	case
5	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 course	nmod
6	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 action	amod
7	with	with	ADP	_	8 integrity	case
8	integrity	integrity	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 consistent	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Determine	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	determine	imperative	you not said here	the course of action					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent course=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Insistence that the blamed pupil prove his innocence

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Insistence	insistence	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	that	that	SCONJ	_	6 prove	mark
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 pupil	det
4	blamed	blame	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 pupil	amod
5	pupil	pupil	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 prove	nsubj
6	prove	prove	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Insistence	acl
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 innocence	nmod:poss
8	innocence	innocence	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 prove	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	blame	participle							vn judgment-33.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	prove	infinitive	the blamed pupil	pupil's innocence					vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent innocence=Theme

Option 2

Concealment pending the eventual discovery of the truth by others

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Concealment	concealment	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	pending	pend	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Concealment	acl
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 discovery	det
4	eventual	eventual	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 discovery	amod
5	discovery	discovery	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 pending	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 truth	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 truth	det
8	truth	truth	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 discovery	nmod
9	by	by	ADP	_	10 others	case
10	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 pending	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pend	gerund	Concealment not said here	the eventual discovery of the truth				by others	tree rules
2	discover			the truth					nom discovery «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 3

Continued silence, since the matter has been concluded

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Continued	continue	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
2	silence	silence	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Continued	obj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 concluded	punct
4	since	since	SCONJ	_	9 concluded	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 matter	det
6	matter	matter	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concluded	nsubj:pass
7	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 concluded	aux
8	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	9 concluded	aux:pass
9	concluded	conclude	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Continued	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	continue	participle		silence					vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent silence=Theme
2	conclude	present · perfect · passive		the matter					vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Acknowledgement of responsibility, notwithstanding the delay

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Acknowledgement	acknowledgement	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	of	of	ADP	_	3 responsibility	case
3	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Acknowledgement	nmod
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 notwithstanding	punct
5	notwithstanding	notwithstand	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Acknowledgement	conj
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 delay	det
7	delay	delay	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 notwithstanding	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	notwithstand	gerund		the delay					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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