Exam question 1 · Old guilt: secrets that grow and how to let them go

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises guilt pertaining to a long-concealed wrongdoing?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: guilt · What happens: follow, characteris, pertain, conceal · To what, where: guilt

This is exam question 1 of lesson 17 «Old guilt: secrets that grow and how to let them go» of the reflection course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	guilt	guilt	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
10	pertaining	pertain	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 guilt	acl
11	to	to	ADP	_	16 wrongdoing	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 wrongdoing	det
13	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 concealed	compound
14	-	-	PUNCT	_	13 long	punct
15	concealed	conceal	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	16 wrongdoing	amod
16	wrongdoing	wrongdoing	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 pertaining	obl
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		guilt	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	pertain	gerund	guilt not said here		to a concealed wrongdoing	vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to wrongdoing=Co-Theme
4	conceal	participle				vn concealment-16 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It is experienced solely by persons of a cruel disposition

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 experienced	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 experienced	aux:pass
3	experienced	experience	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	solely	solely	ADV	_	3 experienced	advmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 persons	case
6	persons	person	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 experienced	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	10 disposition	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 disposition	det
9	cruel	cruel	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 disposition	amod
10	disposition	disposition	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 persons	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	experience	present · passive	persons of a cruel disposition	It				solely property	vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer subject=Stimulus

Option 2

It is intensified by disclosure and relieved by concealment

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 intensified	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 intensified	aux:pass
3	intensified	intensify	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 disclosure	case
5	disclosure	disclosure	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 intensified	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 relieved	cc
7	relieved	relieve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 intensified	conj
8	by	by	ADP	_	9 concealment	case
9	concealment	concealment	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 relieved	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	intensify	present · passive	disclosure	It					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent subject=Patient
2	relieve	participle	disclosure not said here					by concealment	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It commonly recurs at random intervals and diminishes upon disclosure

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 recurs	nsubj
2	commonly	commonly	ADV	_	3 recurs	advmod
3	recurs	recur	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	6 intervals	case
5	random	random	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 intervals	amod
6	intervals	interval	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 recurs	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 diminishes	cc
8	diminishes	diminish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 recurs	conj
9	upon	upon	ADP	_	10 disclosure	case
10	disclosure	disclosure	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 diminishes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	recur	present	It			random intervals		commonly property	vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme at interval=Location
2	diminish	present						upon disclosure	vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient

Option 4

It invariably ceases upon the elapse of a period of twelve calendar months

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 ceases	nsubj
2	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	3 ceases	advmod
3	ceases	cease	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	upon	upon	ADP	_	6 elapse	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 elapse	det
6	elapse	elapse	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ceases	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 period	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 period	det
9	period	period	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 elapse	nmod
10	of	of	ADP	_	13 months	case
11	twelve	twelve	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	13 months	nummod
12	calendar	calendar	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 months	compound
13	months	month	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 period	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cease	present	It					upon the elapse of a period of twelve calendar months; invariably property	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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