Exam question 1 · I failed: the missed penalty, the lost race, the bad mark

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the significance of a single missed penalty in the outcome of a match?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, miss · To what, where: significance

This is exam question 1 of lesson 24 «I failed: the missed penalty, the lost race, the bad mark» of the reflection course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 significance	det
10	significance	significance	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	15 penalty	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 penalty	det
13	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 penalty	amod
14	missed	miss	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 penalty	amod
15	penalty	penalty	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 significance	nmod
16	in	in	ADP	_	18 outcome	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 outcome	det
18	outcome	outcome	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 penalty	nmod
19	of	of	ADP	_	21 match	case
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 match	det
21	match	match	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 outcome	nmod
22	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the significance of a single missed penalty in the outcome of a match	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	miss	participle			vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The result is determined solely by the final penalty taken

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 result	det
2	result	result	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 determined	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 determined	aux:pass
4	determined	determine	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	solely	solely	ADV	_	4 determined	advmod
6	by	by	ADP	_	9 penalty	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 penalty	det
8	final	final	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 penalty	amod
9	penalty	penalty	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 determined	obl
10	taken	take	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 penalty	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	determine	present · passive	the final penalty	the result				solely property	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Topic
2	take	participle		the final penalty not said here					vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 2

The penalty taker bears sole responsibility for any defeat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 responsibility	det
2	penalty	penalty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 responsibility	amod
3	taker	taker	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bears	compound
4	bears	bear	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 penalty	list
5	sole	sole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 responsibility	amod
6	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	for	for	ADP	_	9 defeat	case
8	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	9 defeat	det
9	defeat	defeat	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 responsibility	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The result is determined by the entire match and the entire team

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 result	det
2	result	result	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 determined	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 determined	aux:pass
4	determined	determine	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	8 match	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 match	det
7	entire	entire	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 match	amod
8	match	match	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 determined	obl
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 team	cc
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 team	det
11	entire	entire	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 team	amod
12	team	team	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 match	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	determine	present · passive	the entire match and the entire team	the result					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Topic

Option 4

A missed penalty precludes any future participation in sport

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 penalty	det
2	missed	miss	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 penalty	amod
3	penalty	penalty	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 precludes	nsubj
4	precludes	preclude	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	7 participation	det
6	future	future	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 participation	amod
7	participation	participation	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 precludes	obj
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 sport	case
9	sport	sport	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 precludes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	miss	participle							vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer
2	preclude	present	a missed penalty	any future participation		sport			vn exclude-107.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent participation=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/reflection/24-i-failed-the-missed-penalty-the-lost-race-the-bad-mark/e1/