Exam question 4 · When it was my fault: owning up and making it right

Ascertain which of the following describes a "near miss".

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: ascertain, follow, be · Speech: someone speaks here

This is exam question 4 of lesson 5 «When it was my fault: owning up and making it right» of the reflection course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 miss	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	10 miss	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 miss	det
5	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 miss	case
6	describes	describe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 miss	cop
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 miss	det
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 miss	punct
9	near	near	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 miss	amod
10	miss	miss	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	ccomp
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 miss	punct
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here		vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent
2	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	is in a quote	present		of the near miss	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

An occurrence in which grave harm has certainly resulted

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 occurrence	det
2	occurrence	occurrence	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 resulted	nsubj:pass
3	in	in	ADP	_	6 harm	case
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 harm	nsubj
5	grave	grave	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 harm	amod
6	harm	harm	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 occurrence	nmod
7	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 resulted	aux
8	certainly	certainly	ADV	_	9 resulted	advmod
9	resulted	result	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	result	present · perfect · passive		a occurrence in grave harm				certainly property	vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

An occurrence in which harm almost, but did not, result

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 occurrence	det
2	occurrence	occurrence	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 did	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 which	case
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 harm	nsubj
5	harm	harm	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 occurrence	acl:relcl
6	almost	almost	ADV	_	5 harm	advmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 did	punct
8	but	but	CCONJ	_	9 did	cc
9	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 did	advmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 result	punct
12	result	result	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 did	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	harm	present	a occurrence					almost property	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
2	not do	past	a occurrence	result					vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

An occurrence wholly incapable of causing any harm

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 occurrence	det
2	occurrence	occurrence	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 incapable	nsubj
3	wholly	wholly	ADV	_	4 incapable	advmod
4	incapable	incapable	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	SCONJ	_	6 causing	mark
6	causing	cause	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 incapable	acl
7	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	8 harm	det
8	harm	harm	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 causing	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause	gerund	incapable not said here	any harm					vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition harm=Patient

Option 4

An occurrence that shall inevitably recur on the next occasion

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 occurrence	det
2	occurrence	occurrence	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 recur	nsubj
4	shall	shall	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 recur	aux
5	inevitably	inevitably	ADV	_	6 recur	advmod
6	recur	recur	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 occurrence	acl:relcl
7	on	on	ADP	_	10 occasion	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 occasion	det
9	next	next	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 occasion	amod
10	occasion	occasion	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 recur	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	recur	shall	a occurrence			the next occasion		inevitably property	vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on occasion=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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